Bai Xiangning, Raju Sajan C, Knudsen Andreas Dehlbæk, Thudium Rebekka Faber, Arentoft Nicoline Stender, Gelpi Marco, Heidari Safura-Luise, Kunisaki Ken M, Kristiansen Karsten, Hov Johannes Roksund, Nielsen Susanne Dam, Trøseid Marius
Department of Microbiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jun 10;16:1555441. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1555441. eCollection 2025.
People with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of pulmonary comorbidities compared to people without HIV. The gut microbiome regulates host immunity and is altered in PWH. This study aims to determine potential associations between gut microbiome, lung function decline, and airflow limitation in PWH.
PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) Study with available lung function testing and microbiome data were included (n=385). The gut microbiome was characterized using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Associations between gut microbiome, rapid lung function decline, and airflow limitation were analysed in multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for traditional and HIV-associated risk factors for lung disease.
Several bacterial species were significantly enriched in PWH with rapid lung function decline, including opportunistic pathogenic bacterial species , , and . A gut microbial dysbiosis index based on compositional changes was associated with rapid lung function decline (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.11-1.27], p<0.001), and airflow limitation (aOR 1.16, 95% CI [1.04-1.29], p=0.007) in adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses.
Associations between the gut dysbiosis index and rapid lung function decline and airflow limitation suggest a potential role of certain gut bacterial species in the pathogenesis of pulmonary comorbidities in PWH.
与未感染艾滋病毒的人相比，艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）患肺部合并症的风险增加。肠道微生物群调节宿主免疫力，且在PWH中会发生改变。本研究旨在确定PWH的肠道微生物群、肺功能下降和气流受限之间的潜在关联。
纳入来自哥本哈根艾滋病毒感染合并症（COCOMO）研究且有可用肺功能测试和微生物组数据的PWH（n = 385）。使用鸟枪法宏基因组测序对肠道微生物群进行特征分析。在针对肺部疾病的传统和艾滋病毒相关危险因素进行调整的多变量逻辑回归分析中，分析肠道微生物群、快速肺功能下降和气流受限之间的关联。
在肺功能快速下降的PWH中，几种细菌种类显著富集，包括机会致病菌 、 和 。基于组成变化的肠道微生物失调指数与快速肺功能下降（调整后的优势比（aOR）1.18，95%置信区间（CI）[1.11 - 1.27]，p < 0.001）以及在调整后的多变量逻辑回归分析中的气流受限（aOR 1.16，95% CI [1.04 - 1.29]，p = 0.007）相关。
肠道失调指数与快速肺功能下降和气流受限之间的关联表明某些肠道细菌种类在PWH肺部合并症发病机制中可能发挥作用。
