Bioactive Calcium Silico-Phosphate Glasses Doped with Mg and/or Zn: Biocompatibility, Bioactivity and Antibacterial Activity.

Bioactive glasses in the SiO-CaO-PO system represent emerging materials for hard-tissue-regeneration applications. This article focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and biological interaction of glasses doped with Mg and/or Zn, with an emphasis on their effects on biomineralization, antibacterial behavior, and interactions with preosteoblasts from the MC3T3-E1 cell line. The bioglasses were synthesized using the sol-gel method, and the vitreous nature remained predominant even after thermal treatment at 600 °C for 2 h. From an in vitro perspective, the synthesized bioglasses demonstrated strong cell adhesion and proliferation (notably in the case of Mg doping), low cytotoxicity, and antibacterial properties (especially in Zn-doped samples). Additionally, the simultaneous doping with Mg and Zn of the bioactive glass matrix is a prospective strategy for developing biomaterials with a "dual" biological characteristics-both osteoinductive and antibacterial.