Ribeiro Ana Isabel, Alves Cátia, Fernandes Marta, Abreu José, Pedroso de Lima Fábio, Padrão Jorge, Zille Andrea
Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
Gels. 2025 May 27;11(6):392. doi: 10.3390/gels11060392.
The interest in flexible and wearable electronics is increasing in both scientific research and in multiple industry sectors, such as medicine and healthcare, sports, and fashion. Thus, compatible power sources are needed to develop secondary batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, sensors, and dye-sensitized solar cells. Traditional liquid electrolytes pose challenges in the development of textile-based electronics due to their potential for leakage, flammability, and limited flexibility. On the other hand, gel electrolytes offer solutions to these issues, making them suitable choices for these applications. There are several advantages to using gel electrolytes in textile-based electronics, namely higher safety, leak resistance, mechanical flexibility, improved interface compatibility, higher energy density, customizable properties, scalability, and easy integration into manufacturing processes. However, it is also essential to consider some challenges associated with these gels, such as lower conductivity and long-term stability. This review highlights the application of gel electrolytes to textile materials in various forms (e.g., fibers, yarns, woven, knit, and non-woven), along with the strategies for their integration and their resulting properties. While challenges remain in optimizing key parameters, the integration of gel electrolytes into textiles holds immense potential to enhance conductivity, flexibility, and energy storage, paving the way for advanced electronic textiles.
在科学研究以及医学与医疗保健、体育和时尚等多个行业领域，对柔性和可穿戴电子产品的兴趣都在不断增加。因此，开发二次电池、燃料电池、超级电容器、传感器和染料敏化太阳能电池需要兼容的电源。传统的液体电解质在基于纺织品的电子产品开发中存在挑战，因为它们存在泄漏、易燃以及柔韧性有限的问题。另一方面，凝胶电解质为这些问题提供了解决方案，使其成为这些应用的合适选择。在基于纺织品的电子产品中使用凝胶电解质有几个优点，即更高的安全性、抗泄漏性、机械柔韧性、改善的界面兼容性、更高的能量密度、可定制的性能、可扩展性以及易于集成到制造过程中。然而，考虑与这些凝胶相关的一些挑战也很重要，比如较低的导电性和长期稳定性。这篇综述重点介绍了凝胶电解质在各种形式（如纤维、纱线、机织、针织和非织造）的纺织材料中的应用，以及它们的集成策略和由此产生的性能。虽然在优化关键参数方面仍然存在挑战，但将凝胶电解质集成到纺织品中具有提高导电性、柔韧性和能量存储的巨大潜力，为先进的电子纺织品铺平了道路。
