Zhao Xueqi, Pan Yudong, Zhou Zhanrong, Gao Yang, Li Aijun, Shi Binkai, Hu Jian, Wang Liuying
Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an 710025, China.
The Institute of Xi'an Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology, Xi'an 710025, China.
Gels. 2025 May 30;11(6):412. doi: 10.3390/gels11060412.
This study investigates the effect of potassium ion (K) concentration on double helix aggregation in -carrageenan-based hydrogels, which significantly influences their shakedown behavior. The shakedown behavior of -carrageenan/polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels was characterized by the evolution of maximum stress and energy dissipation during cyclic load. The experimental results indicate that higher K concentrations significantly improve the maximum stress in the steady state, but barely influence the energy dissipation in the steady state. The improved maximum stress can be explained by the higher density of double helix aggregation. The steady energy dissipation elucidates that the K concentration does not affect the breaking-recovering balance of the sacrificial network in cyclic loading. These results provide mechanistic insights into how ion-triggered double helix aggregation influences the shakedown behavior of -carrageenan-based hydrogels.
本研究考察了钾离子（K）浓度对基于κ-卡拉胶的水凝胶中双螺旋聚集体的影响，这对其安定行为有显著影响。κ-卡拉胶/聚丙烯酰胺（PAAm）水凝胶的安定行为通过循环加载过程中最大应力和能量耗散的演变来表征。实验结果表明，较高的K浓度显著提高了稳态下的最大应力，但对稳态下的能量耗散几乎没有影响。最大应力的提高可以用双螺旋聚集体更高的密度来解释。稳态能量耗散表明，K浓度在循环加载中不影响牺牲网络的破坏-恢复平衡。这些结果为离子引发的双螺旋聚集体如何影响基于κ-卡拉胶的水凝胶的安定行为提供了机理见解。
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