Cai Zhixin, Zeng Zhiheng, Chen Wenzhi, Guo Zhongjie, Zheng Huiqing, Lu Yuanping, Zeng Hui, Chen Meiyuan
Institute of Edible Mushrooms, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350012, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 May 27;11(6):415. doi: 10.3390/jof11060415.
is popular worldwide because of its high nutritional value and low cost. Low-temperature storage is a common storage method used for the production and sales of cultivation spawn, but few studies have focused on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with low-temperature storage of . cultivation spawn. In this study, we examined spawn samples stored for different refrigeration periods (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 days), measured changes in the activities of four key extracellular enzymes and performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. The results of the enzymatic assays revealed that the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), amylase, and acid protease initially decreased before increasing, whereas laccase activity showed the opposite trend. This pattern may represent an energy supply mechanism adopted by to cope with low temperatures, where extracellular enzymes indirectly influence survival by mediating substrate decomposition. Further correlation analysis on the basis of CMCase activity changes revealed 148 carboxymethyl cellulase-correlated metabolites (CCMs) and 514 carboxymethyl cellulase-correlated genes (CCGs) ( ≤ 0.05), and significance was determined at FDR < 0.05 with a fold change > 1.5. Among these, 56.08% of the CCMs and 63.04% of the CCGs presented positive correlations with CMCase activity, whereas 43.92% and 36.96% presented negative correlations, respectively. Integrated multiomics analysis revealed significant variations in metabolic flux and gene expression across different storage durations. Two CCMs (ketoleucine and 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid) gradually decreased in expression, whereas two CCGs (AbbBCAT and AbbAACS) increased in expression. This study provides novel insights into the molecular adaptation of spawn to refrigeration, highlighting the importance of branched-chain amino acid metabolism in the cold stress response and storage stability.
因其高营养价值和低成本而在全球广受欢迎。低温储存是栽培种生产和销售中常用的储存方法，但很少有研究关注与栽培种低温储存相关的生理生化机制。在本研究中，我们检查了储存不同冷藏期（0、20、40、60、80和100天）的栽培种样本，测量了四种关键胞外酶活性的变化，并进行了转录组和代谢组分析。酶活性测定结果表明，羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）、淀粉酶和酸性蛋白酶的活性最初下降，然后上升，而漆酶活性则呈现相反的趋势。这种模式可能代表了栽培种采用的一种能量供应机制，通过介导底物分解，胞外酶间接影响其生存。基于CMCase活性变化的进一步相关性分析揭示了148种与羧甲基纤维素酶相关的代谢物（CCMs）和514种与羧甲基纤维素酶相关的基因（CCGs）（P≤0.05），在FDR<0.05且变化倍数>1.5时确定其显著性。其中，56.08%的CCMs和63.04%的CCGs与CMCase活性呈正相关，而分别有43.92%和36.96%呈负相关。综合多组学分析揭示了不同储存期代谢通量和基因表达的显著差异。两种CCMs（酮亮氨酸和3-甲基-2-氧代戊酸）的表达逐渐下降，而两种CCGs（AbbBCAT和AbbAACS）的表达增加。本研究为栽培种对冷藏的分子适应性提供了新的见解，突出了支链氨基酸代谢在冷应激反应和储存稳定性中的重要性。
