Beqiri Petrit, Siqeca Flaka, Karahoda Rona, Hajrullahu Vjose, Agahi Olga, Brajshori Naime
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Nursing Sciences, Heimerer College, Veranda D4, Kalabri Neighborhood, 10000 Pristina, Kosovo.
Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Nurs Rep. 2025 Jun 4;15(6):203. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15060203.
Comparative analysis of work ability factors between German nurses without a migration background and Kosovar nurses working in Germany as nurses with a migration background. : This is an observational cross-sectional study. We surveyed 814 nurses from hospitals in Kosovo and Germany using self-administered questionnaires. We used the Nurses Working Capability (WiN) Screening Manual to analyze work ability factors. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, ANCOVA, and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests. : Of the 40 target factors, 17 showed significant differences. There were notable distinctions between German and Kosovar nurses in Germany. Concerning health and personal resources, Kosovar nurses in Germany reported poorer physical (M = 3.71) and social health (M = 3.83) but better mental health (M = 3.53) and fewer cognitive stress symptoms (M = 3.60) than German nurses (M = 3.97, M = 4.05, M = 3.40, and M = 4.00, respectively). As to the work-related factors, Kosovar nurses in Germany faced higher emotional demands (M = 3.33), felt greater time pressure (M = 3.43), and had a more negative view of the organizational structure (M = 2.09) but rated supervisor feedback more positively (M = 3.24) and faced fewer patient-related stressors (M = 2.16) relative to German nurses (M = 2.64, M = 2.64, M = 2.82, M = 2.76, and M = 3.09, respectively). : Kosovar immigrant nurses in Germany face distinct challenges related to physical and social health, higher emotional demands, and time constraints; they also have a more negative view of organizational structure than native German nurses. The possible causes of these differences may be attributed to migration-related stress, cultural and environmental adaptations, varying job expectations, or organizational experiences.
这是一项观察性横断面研究。我们使用自填问卷对科索沃和德国医院的814名护士进行了调查。我们使用《护士工作能力（WiN）筛查手册》来分析工作能力因素。数据分析包括描述性统计、协方差分析和邦费罗尼多重比较检验。：在40个目标因素中，17个显示出显著差异。在德国的德国护士和科索沃护士之间存在明显差异。在健康和个人资源方面，在德国的科索沃护士报告称身体状况（M = 3.71）和社会健康状况（M = 3.83）较差，但心理健康状况（M = 3.53）较好，认知压力症状较少（M = 3.60），而德国护士分别为（M = 3.97、M = 4.05、M = 3.40和M = 4.00）。在与工作相关的因素方面，在德国的科索沃护士面临更高的情感需求（M = 3.33），感到时间压力更大（M = 3.43），对组织结构的看法更负面（M = 2.09），但相对于德国护士（分别为M = 2.64、M = 2.64、M = 2.82、M = 2.76和M = 3.09），对上级反馈的评价更积极（M = 3.24），面临的与患者相关的压力源更少（M = 2.16）。：在德国的科索沃移民护士在身体和社会健康、更高的情感需求和时间限制方面面临独特的挑战；他们对组织结构的看法也比德国本土护士更负面。这些差异的可能原因可能归因于与移民相关的压力、文化和环境适应、不同的工作期望或组织经历。
