Paling M R, Griffin G K
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1985 Nov-Dec;9(6):1079-83. doi: 10.1097/00004728-198511000-00014.
In the presence of a pleural effusion, volume loss is seen in the adjacent lung, primarily in the lower lobe. With a modest effusion a compliant lower lobe may show displacement and generalized volume loss without focal atelectasis, but more commonly segmental atelectasis does occur, typically in the posterior basal segment. Large effusions result in a major degree of lower lobe collapse. The collapsed lobe tends to be uplifted by the fluid and compressed toward the hilum with consequent stretching and attenuation of the inferior pulmonary ligament, rather than collapsing posteriorly and medially.
存在胸腔积液时，相邻肺叶会出现容积减小，主要发生在下叶。少量胸腔积液时，顺应性较好的下叶可能会出现移位和整体容积减小，而无局灶性肺不张，但更常见的是节段性肺不张，通常发生在基底后段。大量胸腔积液会导致下叶严重萎陷。萎陷的肺叶往往被液体向上抬起，并被压向肺门，从而导致肺下韧带拉伸和变细，而不是向后内侧萎陷。
