de Campos Dalvan Antonio, Alberti Adriano, Seganfredo Camargo Carlos Eduardo, Mayer Andréia Biolchi, de Oliveira Junior João Batista, Almeida Schonmeier Nayara Lisboa, Lampert Rose, Kades Gabriela, da Silva Bruna Becker, Leão Graziela Marques, Crivilim Duanne Alves Pereira, Hur Soares Ben, de Jesus Josiane Aparecida, Zavorski Eloel Benetti, Souza Renan, de Carvalho Risoni Pereira Dias, Vieira Ana Patricia Alves, Kanan Lília Aparecida, da Cunha Natalia Veronez
Graduate Program in Environment and Health, University of Planalto Catarinense-UNIPLAC, Lages 88509-900, Brazil.
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil.
Brain Sci. 2025 Jun 4;15(6):602. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15060602.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The homeless population (HP) is a heterogeneous group characterized by the absence of stable and conventional housing, often relying on public spaces and deteriorated environments for shelter and survival, either temporarily or permanently. This group is exposed to multiple health vulnerabilities, with substance use disorder (SUD) identified as a significant risk factor for suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of the relationship between PAS use and suicide among homeless individuals.
A comprehensive literature search was performed using five databases: PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on their relevance to the topic, and data were extracted regarding substance use, suicide-related outcomes, and associated sociodemographic and clinical factors.
The findings indicated a strong association between PAS use and increased suicidal ideation and behavior among homeless individuals, particularly among youth, men, and women. Opioids and alcohol were the most frequently reported substances in this context. Additional factors such as unemployment, exposure to violence, social inequalities, and mental health disorders further exacerbated the risk of suicide in this population Conclusions: The reviewed literature underscores the urgent need for integrated, context-sensitive interventions addressing both substance use and mental health among the homeless. Tailored public health strategies focused on prevention, harm reduction, and psychosocial support are essential to reducing suicide risk and promoting overall well-being in this highly vulnerable group.
背景/目的：无家可归者群体是一个异质性群体，其特点是缺乏稳定的常规住房，常常临时或长期依赖公共场所和恶劣环境作为栖身之所和生存依托。该群体面临多种健康脆弱性，物质使用障碍（SUD）被确定为自杀行为的一个重要风险因素。本研究的目的是对无家可归者中物质使用障碍与自杀之间的关系进行一项范围综述。
使用五个数据库进行了全面的文献检索：PubMed、Scopus、SciELO、LILACS和谷歌学术。根据研究与主题的相关性进行选择，并提取了有关物质使用、自杀相关结果以及相关社会人口学和临床因素的数据。
研究结果表明，在无家可归者中，尤其是在青年、男性和女性中，物质使用障碍与自杀意念和行为增加之间存在密切关联。在这种情况下，阿片类药物和酒精是最常报告的物质。失业、遭受暴力、社会不平等和精神健康障碍等其他因素进一步加剧了该人群的自杀风险。结论：综述文献强调迫切需要采取综合的、因地制宜的干预措施，解决无家可归者的物质使用和精神健康问题。针对预防、减少伤害和心理社会支持的量身定制的公共卫生策略对于降低这一高度脆弱群体的自杀风险和促进其整体福祉至关重要。
