Ip Emily, Srivastava Rani, Lentz Liana, Jasinoski Sandra, Anderson Gregory S
Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC V2E 0C8, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 May 23;22(6):820. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22060820.
Workplace psychological safety (PS) has been recognized as crucial in mitigating organizational stressors and enhancing positive workplace outcomes, particularly in high-risk occupations such as healthcare and public safety. This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing literature on psychological safety in high-risk workplaces to identify key antecedents, workplace enhancements, and research gaps. A systematic search of studies published between 2010 and January 2025 was conducted across multiple databases, including CINAHL, Medline, ERIC, JSTOR, PsycInfo, Business Source Ultimate, and Sociological Abstract. Inclusion criteria focused on adult workers in high-risk workplace environments. Following screening and eligibility assessments, 16 studies from six countries were selected for analysis. Data were extracted and thematically analyzed based on leadership styles, organizational structures, and workplace culture related to psychological safety. The review identified three primary antecedents of psychological safety in high-risk workplaces: (1) inclusive and transformational leadership styles, (2) hierarchical structures and power dynamics, and (3) workplace climate and communication culture. Studies consistently found that inclusive leadership, ethical integrity, and transformational leadership were strongly associated with higher psychological safety levels. While hierarchical structures provided the necessary organization, overly rigid hierarchies often suppressed employee voice and innovation. A workplace culture characterized by trust, transparency, and open communication fosters greater psychological safety and improved teamwork and well-being.
职场心理安全（PS）已被公认为在减轻组织压力源和提升积极的职场成果方面至关重要，尤其是在医疗保健和公共安全等高风险职业中。本范围综述旨在综合现有关于高风险工作场所心理安全的文献，以确定关键的前因、职场改进措施和研究空白。对2010年至2025年1月期间发表的研究进行了跨多个数据库的系统检索，包括护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、医学数据库（Medline）、教育资源信息中心（ERIC）、学术期刊全文数据库（JSTOR）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycInfo）、商业资源完整版数据库（Business Source Ultimate）和社会学文摘数据库。纳入标准聚焦于高风险工作场所环境中的成年员工。经过筛选和资格评估，选取了来自六个国家的16项研究进行分析。基于与心理安全相关的领导风格、组织结构和职场文化对数据进行了提取和主题分析。该综述确定了高风险工作场所心理安全的三个主要前因：（1）包容型和变革型领导风格，（2）层级结构和权力动态，以及（3）职场氛围和沟通文化。研究一致发现，包容型领导、道德操守和变革型领导与较高的心理安全水平密切相关。虽然层级结构提供了必要的组织架构，但过于僵化的层级往往会抑制员工的声音和创新。以信任、透明和开放沟通为特征的职场文化能促进更高的心理安全，并改善团队合作和员工福祉。
