Metzler Michael, Doerrer Christopher, Sun Yige, Matthews Guillaume, Liotti Enzo, Grant Patrick S
Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K.
The Faraday Institution, University of Oxford, Quad One, Becquerel Ave, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0RA, U.K.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Jul 9;17(27):39089-39096. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c06550. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
Solid-state batteries can outperform lithium-ion batteries in energy per unit mass or volume when operating with a Li metal anode. However, Li anodes pose significant manufacturing challenges. Anode-free cells avoid these challenges by plating metallic Li at the anode on the first charge, but subsequent nonuniform cyclic stripping and plating decrease the Coulombic efficiency and encourage Li dendrites and early cell failure. We report a new spray-printed nanocomposite bilayer of silver/carbon black (Ag/CB) between anodic current collectors and a LiPSCl solid electrolyte comprising an Ag-rich region at the current collector and a CB-rich region at the solid electrolyte. Compared with previous Ag/CB mixtures, this bilayer promoted more uniform Li anode plating and improved cycling. Cells with a high-Ni oxide cathode had an initial discharge capacity of >190 mAh/g and a Coulombic efficiency of >98% over 100 cycles. Improved Li plating uniformity with the structured Ag/CB interlayer was confirmed by using secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging.
当使用锂金属阳极运行时，固态电池在单位质量或体积的能量方面可以超过锂离子电池。然而，锂阳极带来了重大的制造挑战。无阳极电池通过在首次充电时在阳极镀上金属锂来避免这些挑战，但随后不均匀的循环剥离和镀覆会降低库仑效率，并促使锂枝晶生长和电池过早失效。我们报道了一种新的喷涂印刷银/炭黑（Ag/CB）纳米复合双层结构，位于阳极集流体和LiPSCl固体电解质之间，在集流体处有一个富银区域，在固体电解质处有一个富炭黑区域。与之前的Ag/CB混合物相比，这种双层结构促进了更均匀的锂阳极镀覆并改善了循环性能。具有高镍氧化物阴极的电池初始放电容量>190 mAh/g，在100次循环中的库仑效率>98%。通过二次离子质谱（SIMS）成像证实了使用结构化Ag/CB中间层可改善锂镀覆的均匀性。
