Yavuz Recep, Wang Hao, Fakude Mercy, Dermail Abil, Frei Ursula Karoline, Liu Peng, Lübberstedt Thomas
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jun 3;16:1572901. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1572901. eCollection 2025.
This research investigated the variation in haploid frailty (%HF), which is the difference in trait performance between isogenic haploid and diploid maize lines, and the heritability of haploid frailty for different agronomic traits. A total of 48 isogenic pairs was evaluated in three environments, and 192 isogenic line pairs were evaluated in two environments for plant height (PH), ear height (EH), flag leaf length (FLL) and width (FLW), tassel length (TL), spike length (SL), stem diameter (SD) and tassel branch (TB) number. We found that the locus, associated with spontaneous haploid genome doubling (SHGD), plays a crucial role in improving haploid performance by reducing %HF and promoting diploid-like vigor. The BS39+SHGD genotypes exhibited significantly lower HF% rates compared to the BS39 group, with consistent reductions across multiple traits. Environmental factors also contributed to %HF variation, but genetic influences such as the presence of SHGD proved to have a greater impact on haploid frailty. Leveraging SHGD to enhance both vigor and fertility of haploid plants, is likely to benefit breeding programs in maize and perhaps other crops by more economic and efficient production of DH lines.
本研究调查了单倍体脆弱性（%HF）的变化，即同基因单倍体和二倍体玉米品系之间性状表现的差异，以及不同农艺性状的单倍体脆弱性的遗传力。在三种环境中评估了总共48对同基因系，在两种环境中评估了192对同基因系的株高（PH）、穗位高（EH）、旗叶长度（FLL）和宽度（FLW）、雄穗长度（TL）、穗长（SL）、茎粗（SD）和雄穗分支（TB）数量。我们发现，与自发单倍体基因组加倍（SHGD）相关的位点通过降低%HF和促进二倍体样活力，在改善单倍体性能方面发挥着关键作用。与BS39组相比，BS39+SHGD基因型的HF%率显著更低，多个性状均持续降低。环境因素也导致了%HF的变化，但诸如SHGD的存在等遗传影响对单倍体脆弱性的影响更大。利用SHGD提高单倍体植物的活力和育性，可能通过更经济高效地生产双单倍体系（DH系），使玉米以及或许其他作物的育种计划受益。
