Ndayisenga Jerome, Tuyishime Obed, Sibomana Olivier, Kwizera Philemon, Niyompano Hosee, Hakizayezu François, Fitch Margaret I
Research, Innovation and Data Science Division, Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC), Kigali, Rwanda.
Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2024 Nov 30;7(3):454-470. doi: 10.4314/rjmhs.v7i3.7. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global threat to public health with sub-Saharan Africa facing a substantial burden. Our study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices of antibiotic usage and resistance among people attending primary healthcare facilities in Rwanda.
The cross-sectional study was conducted at three health centres in Kigali, and it involved 246 individuals. We used a close-ended questionnaire for data collection. The levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices were calculated as proportions of correct answers, with high, good, or positive being greater or equal to 70%. The chi-square test was used to find the association between demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitudes and practices.
Among 246 participants, 8 (3.2%) and 51 (20.7%) had high knowledge of antibiotic usage and antimicrobial resistance respectively. In addition, 81 (32.9%) had a positive attitude and 97 (39.4%) had good practices. Attitudes were significantly positive in males (p = 0.003) and among individuals with a university education (p = 0.007). Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance was significantly high in males (p-value = 0.047).
Limited levels of knowledge, attitude and practices on antibiotic usage and resistance were found, with women having lower levels in multiple aspects. Strategies to promote rational use of antibiotics ought to address social inequities.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）对全球公共卫生构成威胁，撒哈拉以南非洲面临沉重负担。我们的研究评估了卢旺达初级医疗保健机构就诊人群对抗生素使用和耐药性的知识、态度及行为。
在基加利的三个健康中心开展横断面研究，涉及246人。我们使用封闭式问卷收集数据。知识、态度和行为水平以正确答案的比例计算，高、良好或积极定义为大于或等于70%。采用卡方检验来找出人口统计学特征与知识、态度和行为之间的关联。
在246名参与者中，分别有8人（3.2%）对抗生素使用有高知识水平，51人（20.7%）对抗菌药物耐药性有高知识水平。此外，81人（32.9%）态度积极，97人（39.4%）行为良好。男性（p = 0.003）和受过大学教育的个体（p = 0.007）态度显著积极。男性对抗菌药物耐药性的知识显著较高（p值 = 0.047）。
发现抗生素使用和耐药性方面的知识、态度和行为水平有限，女性在多个方面水平较低。促进抗生素合理使用的策略应解决社会不平等问题。
