Bahir Dar University, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2023 Jul 26;2023:8774634. doi: 10.1155/2023/8774634. eCollection 2023.
Antibiotic resistance has been among the top public health threats elsewhere. Scientific information on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) at the community level towards antibiotic use and disposal ways is a vital step for effective intervention. This study aimed at determining the levels of KAP and associated risk factors for antibiotics in and around Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used to analyze and interpret the results. A total of 504 participants with a mean age of 35.32 ± 9.03 years were included in the study. Most of the participants were urban dwellers (59.5%); more than half (55.6%) of the participants were male; most of the participants (62.7%) were at least college graduates; about half were employed (52.4%); about 41.7% of the participants had a large family size (≥7) with a mean family size of 5.7 ± 2.7; the average family monthly income was ETB 7213.71 ± 3673, and over three-fourth (74.8%) of the study participants were married. In addition, about 83.13% of the study participants heard about antibiotics; almost all of them (99.8%) had ever used antibiotics at some point in their life (75% of which used antibiotics within 6 months), and all of them could name at least one common type of antibiotic. Moreover, most of the participants (86.5%) did not receive any training related to antibiotics, and 29.4% of them obtained antibiotics without a prescription. Most participants had poor knowledge (64%), negative attitudes (60.4%), and poor practices (55%) towards antibiotic use, resistance, and disposal methods. Significant and positive linear correlations between knowledge and attitude ( = 0.539, ≤ 0.001), knowledge-practice ( = 0.532, ≤ 0.001), and attitude-practice ( = 0.786, < 0.001) were also observed. Most of the sociodemographic variables were significantly associated with the mean KAP scores of the study participants. Living in a rural area, having a large family size, and being female, married, illiterate, and farmer resulted in a very low level of knowledge. Similarly, living in a rural area, having a small family size, and being older and married resulted in a negative attitude. Furthermore, having a smaller family size, having a low family monthly income, and being married, illiterate, and self-employed resulted in poor practice. A very low level of KAP towards antibiotics among people living in and around Hawassa City calls for urgent and effective intervention strategies.
抗生素耐药性一直是全球公共卫生面临的主要威胁之一。了解社区层面上人们对抗生素使用和处理方式的知识、态度和实践（KAP），是采取有效干预措施的关键步骤。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚南部 Hawassa 市及其周边地区抗生素使用的 KAP 水平及其相关危险因素。这是一项基于社区的横断面研究，使用结构化问卷收集数据。采用描述性统计、卡方检验和逻辑回归分析和解释结果。共纳入 504 名参与者，平均年龄为 35.32±9.03 岁。大多数参与者是城市居民（59.5%）；超过一半（55.6%）的参与者是男性；大多数参与者（62.7%）至少是大学毕业生；约一半（52.4%）有工作；约 41.7%的参与者家庭规模较大（≥7 人），平均家庭规模为 5.7±2.7；家庭月均收入为 7213.71 比尔，约四分之三（74.8%）的参与者已婚。此外，约 83.13%的参与者听说过抗生素；几乎所有人（99.8%）都曾在某个时候使用过抗生素（其中 75%的人在 6 个月内使用过抗生素），所有人都能说出至少一种常见的抗生素类型。此外，大多数参与者（86.5%）没有接受过任何与抗生素相关的培训，29.4%的人未经处方就获得了抗生素。大多数参与者对抗生素的使用、耐药性和处理方法的知识（64%）、态度（60.4%）和实践（55%）较差。知识和态度（ = 0.539， ≤ 0.001）、知识-实践（ = 0.532， ≤ 0.001）和态度-实践（ = 0.786， < 0.001）之间也观察到显著的正线性相关性。大多数社会人口学变量与研究参与者的平均 KAP 评分显著相关。居住在农村地区、家庭规模较大、女性、已婚、文盲和农民导致知识水平极低。同样，居住在农村地区、家庭规模较小、年龄较大和已婚导致态度消极。此外，家庭规模较小、家庭月收入较低以及已婚、文盲和自营职业导致实践较差。居住在 Hawassa 市及其周边地区的人们对抗生素的知识、态度和实践水平极低，需要采取紧急有效的干预措施。
