Sampedro Restrepo Marcela, González Gaviria Manuela, Arango Bolaños Samuel, Higuita-Gutiérrez Luis Felipe
School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
School of Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín 050012, Colombia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jun 25;12(7):1101. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071101.
To describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) profile on bacterial resistance and antibiotic in the general population of Medellín.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2022, with 902 participants selected through stratified sampling with proportional allocation of different sectors of the city. The KAP scale was developed through a literature review, elimination of duplicate items, validity assessment, and reliability evaluation using Cronbach's alpha. Each item was presented with absolute and relative frequencies on a Likert scale, with a total score ranging from 0 to 100, where a higher score indicates better knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Comparisons were made using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and linear regression.
The knowledge score median was 73.3 (IQR 63.3-93.3), with 36.9% reporting that antibiotics can be stopped once symptoms improve and 26.1% considering them as analgesics or antipyretics. The attitudes score was 83.3 (IQR 73.3-93.3), with 95.3% expressing concern about the impact on their health or that of their family and over 90% agreeing that more information is needed on antibiotic resistance. The practice score was the lowest at 63.9 (IQR 50-75), with 48% having been prescribed antibiotics at the pharmacy and 42.6% taking them to treat flu symptoms. Economic status (β 2.645), education in health-related areas (β 6.224), gender (β 2.892), and education level (β 3.257) determined knowledge. Knowledge (β 0.387), gender (β 2.807), and education level (β 0.686) influenced attitudes, but practices were only determined by Knowledge (β 0.084) attitudes (β 0.552) and age group (β 2.858).
Knowledge about antibiotics and bacterial resistance does not significantly influence the practices of the population. Therefore, interventions aimed at improving knowledge need to be reconsidered as they may not contribute to the appropriate use of antibiotics and prevention of resistance to these drugs.
描述麦德林普通人群对细菌耐药性和抗生素的知识、态度及行为（KAP）概况。
于2022年9月至12月进行了一项横断面研究，通过分层抽样并按比例分配城市不同区域选取了902名参与者。KAP量表通过文献综述、消除重复项目、效度评估以及使用克朗巴哈系数进行信度评估来制定。每个项目以李克特量表呈现绝对频率和相对频率，总分范围为0至100分，分数越高表明知识、态度和行为越好。使用曼-惠特尼U检验、克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯H检验和线性回归进行比较。
知识得分中位数为73.3（四分位间距63.3 - 93.3），36.9%的人报告症状改善后抗生素可以停用，26.1%的人将抗生素视为镇痛药或退烧药。态度得分是83.3（四分位间距73.3 - 93.3），95.3%的人表示担心对自身或家人健康的影响，超过90%的人认为需要更多关于抗生素耐药性的信息。行为得分最低，为63.9（四分位间距50 - 75），48%的人曾在药店开具过抗生素，42.6%的人服用抗生素治疗流感症状。经济状况（β 2.645）、健康相关领域的教育程度（β 6.224）、性别（β 2.892）和教育水平（β 3.257）决定知识水平。知识（β 0.387）、性别（β 2.807）和教育水平（β 0.686）影响态度，但行为仅由知识（β 0.084）、态度（β 0.552）和年龄组（β 2.858）决定。
关于抗生素和细菌耐药性的知识对人群行为没有显著影响。因此，旨在提高知识水平的干预措施需要重新考虑，因为它们可能无助于抗生素的合理使用和预防对这些药物的耐药性。
