Wu Jiajun, Cui Shaoqian, Li Xuekui, Zhang Xiaofei, Yang Siqi, Sun Junhao, Jiang Xiubo
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Prevention Medicine, Qingdao, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 11;13:1540357. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1540357. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the individual or combined effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in U.S. adults.
We enrolled 3,130 participants aged 20 and over from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and analyzed six urinary PAH metabolites. The Poisson regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models were used to assess the associations between PAHs and MASLD.
After adjusting for covariates, Poisson regression model showed significant associations [ (95% )] between higher exposure quartiles of 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-NAP) [Q2: 1.35 (1.06, 1.73); Q3: 1.67 (1.35, 2.07); Q4: 1.62 (1.23, 2.15); -trend < 0.001], 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU) [Q3: 1.36 (1.08, 1.70); -trend = 0.073], 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE) [Q4: 1.35 (1.03, 1.76); -trend = 0.009], and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) [Q3: 1.37 (1.12, 1.69); Q4: 1.33 (1.01, 1.76); -trend = 0.025] and MASLD ( < 0.05), compared with Q1. BKMR model exhibited a positive trend between mixed PAHs and MASLD. The WQS index constructed for six PAHs was significantly related to MASLD [ (95% ): 1.25 (1.06, 1.49)].
This study suggests that exposure to PAHs, individually or in combination, may be associated with an increased risk of MASLD.
研究多环芳烃（PAHs）对美国成年人代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）的单独或联合影响。
我们从2007 - 2016年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中纳入了3130名20岁及以上的参与者，并分析了六种尿中PAH代谢物。采用泊松回归、贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）和加权分位数和（WQS）回归模型来评估PAHs与MASLD之间的关联。
在调整协变量后，泊松回归模型显示，与第一四分位数相比，2 - 羟基萘（2 - NAP）[第二四分位数：1.35（1.06，1.73）；第三四分位数：1.67（1.35，2.07）；第四四分位数：1.62（1.23，2.15）；趋势<0.001]、2 - 羟基芴（2 - FLU）[第三四分位数：1.36（1.08，1.70）；趋势 = 0.073]、1 - 羟基菲（1 - PHE）[第四四分位数：1.35（1.03，1.76）；趋势 = 0.009]和1 - 羟基芘（1 - PYR）[第三四分位数：1.37（1.12，1.69）；第四四分位数：1.33（1.01，1.76）；趋势 = 0.025]的较高暴露四分位数与MASLD之间存在显著关联（<0.05）。BKMR模型显示混合PAHs与MASLD之间呈正相关趋势。为六种PAHs构建的WQS指数与MASLD显著相关[（95%）：1.25（1.06，1.49）]。
本研究表明，单独或联合接触PAHs可能与MASLD风险增加有关。
