Samota Mahesh Kumar, Awana Monika, Pandey Rakesh, Mithra S V Amitha, Krishnan Veda, Kumar Suresh, Tyagi Aruna, Singh Archana
Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012 India.
ICAR-Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering & Technology, Regional Station, Abohar-152116, India.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2025 May;31(5):835-849. doi: 10.1007/s12298-025-01609-y. Epub 2025 Jun 12.
Drought is a major global limiting factor for rice ( L.) production. Drought conditions reduce the quality and yield of rice. In the current research, we explored the effects of diverse seed priming agents and their combinations on multiple facets of grain quality, bio-molecular mechanisms, and enzyme activities. Combinations of the priming agents like MJ (methyl jasmonate) + Zinc sulphate heptahydrate (MJZ), MJ + Iron sulphate heptahydrate (MJI), and MJ + Zinc sulphate heptahydrate + Iron sulphate heptahydrate (MJIZ) were used for the seed priming. High performance liquid chromatography based abscisic acid content analysis showed 3.16 and 2.56-fold higher amounts in MJ-primed samples in N-22 and PS-5, respectively compared to unprimed controls. In unprimed controls, N-22 had lower amylose content (4.4%) than PS-5 (4.8%). The resistant starch content was increased in MJIZ primed samples by 253% in control samples in comparison to their unprimed samples. Enzyme activity assays revealed that pullulanase, activity increased significantly with priming and was found to be highest in MJIZ primed samples. Starch Synthase, and branching enzyme activity increased significantly in both genotypes with priming compared to unprimed controls. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulation of , , and genes in primed samples, indicating enhanced starch biosynthesis. Scanning electron microscopy-based starch granule morphology revealed differences in shape, size, and packing across the treatments and genotypes. The findings unravel the mechanisms triggered by seed priming to enhance the adaptability of plants for better survival under drought. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study to decipher the underlying mechanisms through physio-biochemical and molecular analysis on seed priming to alleviate the deleterious effect of drought stress. Being a cost-effective and user-friendly technique, seed priming can be utilized to improve the yield potential of rice under drought, which might help to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero hunger with improved nutrition) of the United Nations.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-025-01609-y.
干旱是全球水稻生产的主要限制因素。干旱条件会降低水稻的品质和产量。在当前研究中，我们探究了不同种子引发剂及其组合对水稻籽粒品质、生物分子机制和酶活性等多个方面的影响。使用茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）+七水硫酸锌（MJZ）、MJ+七水硫酸亚铁（MJI）以及MJ+七水硫酸锌+七水硫酸亚铁（MJIZ）等引发剂组合对种子进行引发处理。基于高效液相色谱的脱落酸含量分析表明，与未引发处理的对照相比，MJ引发处理的N-22和PS-5样品中的脱落酸含量分别高出3.16倍和2.56倍。在未引发处理的对照中，N-22的直链淀粉含量（4.4%）低于PS-5（4.8%）。与未引发处理的样品相比，MJIZ引发处理的样品中抗性淀粉含量在对照样品中增加了253%。酶活性测定表明，支链淀粉酶活性随引发处理显著增加，且在MJIZ引发处理的样品中最高。与未引发处理的对照相比，两种基因型的淀粉合酶和分支酶活性在引发处理后均显著增加。基因表达分析显示，引发处理的样品中、和基因上调，表明淀粉生物合成增强。基于扫描电子显微镜的淀粉颗粒形态揭示了不同处理和基因型之间在形状、大小和堆积方面的差异。这些发现揭示了种子引发所触发的机制，以增强植物在干旱条件下更好生存的适应性。据我们所知，这是第一项通过生理生化和分子分析来破译种子引发以减轻干旱胁迫有害影响的潜在机制的综合研究。作为一种经济高效且用户友好的技术，种子引发可用于提高干旱条件下水稻的产量潜力，这可能有助于实现联合国可持续发展目标2（改善营养实现零饥饿）。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12298-025-01609-y获取的补充材料。
