CAT score as a prognostic tool in low resource setting: Exploring the correlation between CAT score, exacerbation history with BODE Index in stable COPD.

BACKGROUND

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant global health concern, projected to be the fourth leading cause of death by 2030. This study explores the correlation between the COPD assessment test (CAT) score, history of exacerbations, and the BODE Index in stable COPD patients. While the BODE Index is a validated multidimensional grading system, its application in outpatient settings, especially in resource-constrained setting, can be challenging due to the need for spirometry.

METHODS

We conducted a cross sectional, observational study. It was conducted over 18 months in Mumbai and recruited 50 stable COPD patients. The CAT score and history of exacerbations in the previous year were evaluated alongside the BODE Index and other demographic data.

STATISTICAL

The correlation between quantitative variables was performed using Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficient, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

In the study population, the mean rate of exacerbation observed was 1.52 (SD = 2.279)/person/year, and the mean CAT score was 9.88 ± 7.34 (range: 0-27). The median BODE Index was 3 with most of the patients 44% (n = 22) having a BODE score falling in the first quartile. Positive correlations r (Pearson's) =0.468 (P = 0.000614) and σ (Spearman's) =0.2797 (P = 0.0490) were observed between CAT score with BODE Index and exacerbation history and BODE Index, respectively, indicating a moderate positive correlation between CAT score and BODE Index and statistically significant, albeit weak, correlation with exacerbation history.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that simple tools like CAT and exacerbation history can be used as surrogates for the BODE Index.