Tchos Karine Fouth, Ridzon Renée, Haidara Mory Cherif, Dabitao Djeneba, Akpa Esther, Camara Daouda, Vallée David, Coulibaly Mariam, Camara Sekou, Aboulhab Jamila, Diakité Mahamadou, Diarra Bassirou, Diarra Samba, Dicko Ilo, Francis Alyson, Kolié Cécé Francis, Koropogui Michel, Lim Caeul, Samaké Seydou, Hunsberger Sally, Sidibé Moussa, Chen Ray Y, Konate Issa, Doumbia Seydou, Beavogui Abdoul Habib, Shaw-Saliba Kathryn
Division of Clinical Research, NIAID/NIH, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America.
Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale (CNFRSR) de Maferinyah, Conkary, Guinea.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 26;20(6):e0314828. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314828. eCollection 2025.
"Investigation of Immune Amnesia Following Measles Infection in Select African Regions" (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06153979) is a prospective, observational, longitudinal study being conducted in two West African countries; Guinea and Mali. Acute measles virus (MeV) infection has been shown to result in a loss of pre-existing immunity (immune amnesia). MeV-induced immune amnesia has not been studied in West Africa where continual MeV outbreaks occur. Additionally previous studies have relied on naturally occurring exposures to viruses to examine the immune systems ability to create antibodies. Thus, the overall goal of this protocol is to investigate the impact of MeV infection on pre-existing immunity to endemic pathogens in West Africa, observe the effect of a subsequent exposure to a novel pathogen (rabies vaccine), and measure the frequency of subsequent healthcare visits. A total of 256 children aged 1-15 years are being enrolled into one of two study arms: those with acute MeV infection (cases) as confirmed by laboratory testing and without (controls). Controls must be immune to MeV (have IgG). Blood samples are collected at multiple time points including screening (Day 0), at an optional visit to repeat IgM serology for inconclusive or negative Day 0 results (Day 7-10), and during follow-up visits on Day 14, Week 13, and Week 52. These blood samples will be tested to evaluate both humoral and cellular immune responses to a panel of viruses, bacteria, and parasites, including pathogens endemic to West Africa. To explore how recent MeV infection may affect the child's ability to respond to a new exposure, all participants will receive a rabies vaccine (as a controlled stimulus) at one of two timepoints post Day 0 visit. Biological samples will be collected after vaccination to assess if the rabies vaccine response differs: 1) between cases and controls, and 2) based on the time since acute MeV infection. In addition, the study team will collect information on healthcare encounters during the year-long follow-up to determine if there is a difference in the number of encounters by study group. The findings of this study will further the understanding of the MeV immune amnesia phenotype by understanding its impact on endemic pathogens and subsequent immune response following infection.
“非洲部分地区麻疹感染后免疫遗忘的调查”（ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT06153979）是一项在两个西非国家——几内亚和马里进行的前瞻性、观察性纵向研究。急性麻疹病毒（MeV）感染已被证明会导致先前存在的免疫力丧失（免疫遗忘）。在持续发生MeV疫情的西非地区，尚未对MeV诱导的免疫遗忘进行研究。此外，以往的研究依赖于自然感染病毒来检测免疫系统产生抗体的能力。因此，本方案的总体目标是研究MeV感染对西非地区地方性病原体先前存在的免疫力的影响，观察随后接触新型病原体（狂犬病疫苗）的效果，并测量后续医疗就诊的频率。共有256名1至15岁的儿童被纳入两个研究组之一：经实验室检测确诊为急性MeV感染的儿童（病例组）和未感染的儿童（对照组）。对照组必须对MeV具有免疫力（有IgG）。在多个时间点采集血样，包括筛查时（第0天）、对于第0天结果不确定或为阴性的情况进行IgM血清学复查的可选就诊时（第7 - 10天），以及在第14天、第13周和第52周的随访期间。这些血样将接受检测，以评估对一组病毒、细菌和寄生虫（包括西非地方性病原体）的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。为了探究近期的MeV感染如何影响儿童对新接触病原体的反应能力，所有参与者将在第0天就诊后的两个时间点之一接种狂犬病疫苗（作为对照刺激）。接种疫苗后将采集生物样本，以评估狂犬病疫苗反应是否存在差异：1）病例组和对照组之间；2）基于急性MeV感染后的时间。此外，研究团队将在为期一年的随访期间收集医疗接触信息，以确定研究组之间的接触次数是否存在差异。本研究的结果将通过了解其对地方性病原体的影响以及感染后的后续免疫反应，进一步加深对MeV免疫遗忘表型的理解。
