Panchal Jaydeep, Singh Moon Inder, Singh Mandeep, Sandha Karmjit Singh
Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bhadson Rd, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jun 12;25(12):3688. doi: 10.3390/s25123688.
This paper presents a novel, low-cost, portable impedance analyzer system designed for biopotential electrode evaluation and skin/electrode impedance measurement, critical for enhancing bioelectrical signal quality in healthcare applications. In contrast with conventional systems that depend on external PCs or host devices for data acquisition, visualization, and analysis, this design integrates all functionalities into a single, compact platform powered by the Analog Devices AD5933 impedance converter and a Raspberry Pi 4. The design incorporates custom analog circuitry to extend the measurement range from 10 Hz to 100 kHz and supports a wide impedance spectrum through switchable feedback resistors. Validated against a benchtop impedance analyzer, the system demonstrates high accuracy with normalized root-mean-square errors (NRMSEs) of 1.41% and 3.77% for the impedance magnitude and phase of passive components, respectively, and 1.43% and 1.29% for the biopotential electrode evaluation and skin/electrode impedance measurement. This cost-effective solution, with a total cost of USD 159, addresses the accessibility challenges faced by smaller research labs and healthcare facilities, offering a compact, low-power platform for reliable impedance analysis in biomedical applications.
本文介绍了一种新颖、低成本的便携式阻抗分析仪系统，该系统专为生物电位电极评估和皮肤/电极阻抗测量而设计，这对于提高医疗保健应用中的生物电信号质量至关重要。与依赖外部个人计算机或主机设备进行数据采集、可视化和分析的传统系统不同，该设计将所有功能集成到一个由模拟器件公司的AD5933阻抗转换器和树莓派4驱动的紧凑单一平台中。该设计采用定制模拟电路，将测量范围扩展到10 Hz至100 kHz，并通过可切换反馈电阻支持宽阻抗频谱。经台式阻抗分析仪验证，该系统在无源元件阻抗幅度和相位方面的归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）分别为1.41%和3.77%，在生物电位电极评估和皮肤/电极阻抗测量方面的归一化均方根误差分别为1.43%和1.29%，显示出高精度。这种具有成本效益的解决方案总成本为159美元，解决了较小研究实验室和医疗保健机构面临的可及性挑战，为生物医学应用中的可靠阻抗分析提供了一个紧凑、低功耗的平台。
