Zhang Haoyu, Li Yanjun, Zhu Lixin, Song Xindi, Ren Changbin, Guo Buyu, Gu Yanzhen
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China.
Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;17(12):1679. doi: 10.3390/polym17121679.
As global plastic production increases, the problem of marine plastic pollution is becoming increasingly critical, and the development of effective identification technologies is particularly urgent as plastic debris not only poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems but also has a significant impact on human health. This paper presents the criteria for evaluating fluorescence technology and its mechanism for plastic identification, with an emphasis on its potential for the rapid detection of marine plastic pollution. By analyzing variations in the fluorescence lifetimes and intensities of plastics, different types of plastics can be effectively distinguished. In addition, this paper reviews the detection of microplastics using different fluorescent dyes and explores the fluorescence lifetime identification method. This paper also demonstrates the effectiveness of fluorescence techniques for macroplastic identification, highlighting how fluorescence lifetimes and decay rates change in various weathering environments. Monitoring these changes offers a foundation for establishing weathering models, aiding in understanding the transformation of macrolitter into microplastics. Future research should investigate the autofluorescence properties of different plastics further and focus on developing detection methods and instruments for various environments. This will improve the identification of plastic waste in complex environments. In conclusion, fluorescence technology shows great promise in plastic identification and is expected to provide substantial support for recycling plastic waste products and mitigating plastic pollution.
随着全球塑料产量的增加，海洋塑料污染问题日益严峻。由于塑料碎片不仅对水生生态系统构成威胁，还对人类健康有重大影响，因此开发有效的识别技术尤为迫切。本文介绍了评估荧光技术的标准及其塑料识别机制，重点阐述了其在快速检测海洋塑料污染方面的潜力。通过分析塑料荧光寿命和强度的变化，可以有效区分不同类型的塑料。此外，本文回顾了使用不同荧光染料检测微塑料的方法，并探讨了荧光寿命识别方法。本文还展示了荧光技术在宏观塑料识别方面的有效性，突出了在各种风化环境中荧光寿命和衰减率的变化情况。监测这些变化为建立风化模型提供了基础，有助于理解大垃圾如何转化为微塑料。未来的研究应进一步探究不同塑料的自发荧光特性，并专注于开发适用于各种环境的检测方法和仪器。这将提高在复杂环境中对塑料垃圾的识别能力。总之，荧光技术在塑料识别方面显示出巨大潜力，有望为回收塑料废品和减轻塑料污染提供有力支持。
