Wang Yucong, Dzakah Emmanuel Enoch, Wang Xiaolin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The RNA Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
RNA Biol. 2025 Dec;22(1):1-10. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2025.2525914. Epub 2025 Jun 27.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNA molecules, which have been implicated in both physiology and human diseases. Most circRNAs are typically generated through backsplicing, where a downstream splice donor is covalently joined to an upstream splice acceptor. Backsplicing is dependent on the spliceosome machinery and is precisely controlled by various -elements and -factors. In the present review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of backsplicing regulation as well as their physiological and pathological significance. Additionally, we discuss the strategies to manipulate circRNA expression and , aiming to explore the application of circRNA biogenesis in the diagnosis and therapy of human diseases.
环状RNA（circRNAs）是共价闭合的单链RNA分子，其与生理功能和人类疾病均有关联。大多数circRNAs通常通过反向剪接产生，即下游剪接供体与上游剪接受体共价连接。反向剪接依赖于剪接体机制，并受到多种元件和因子的精确调控。在本综述中，我们总结了反向剪接调控的分子机制及其生理和病理意义。此外，我们还讨论了调控circRNA表达的策略，旨在探索circRNA生物合成在人类疾病诊断和治疗中的应用。
