Litvinenko I V, Emelin A Yu, Lobzin V Yu, Naumov K M, Chapliev I Yu, Chapliev G Yu, Tsygan N V, Ryabtsev A V
S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Saint Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2025;125(6):13-20. doi: 10.17116/jnevro202512506113.
Is to develop a method for comprehensive assessment of fixation eye movements in patients with cognitive impairment.
The study uses the Pupil Invisible eye-tracker. Using the PsychoPy software, a sequence of visual stimuli with audio and text accompaniment was created. Two consecutive tasks were set for the subjects: passive examination and memorization of images and search for a specific element on the presented image. To assess the experiment, we reviewed the entire testing record with all events occurring during the test.
It was found that the standard method of evaluating test results by viewing and analyzing video recordings was unacceptably time-consuming for the researcher. The large volume of obtained results and the lack of standard calculation methods complicated the mathematical processing, so additional software using Wolfram and Python was developed. A unique feature of the developed technique is the division of the constructed heat map based on the fixation movements of the eyes into a certain number of zones, which is achieved by calculating the area of a particular sector of the image related to the total area of the stimulus when performing the task. The experimental verification of the model revealed a «disorderly» direction of gaze without fixing the specified image, an increase in the size of the «heat» spot in a patient diagnosed with primary amnesic aphasia, which differed from those indicators of healthy individuals.
As part of the study, a method was developed for assessing integrative indicators of eyeball movements, which may reflect the state of cognitive functions. In the second stage of the study, the sample of patients is planned to increase to identify characteristic patterns of changes in eye movements when performing cognitive tasks, both in healthy individuals and in patients with cognitive impairment caused by various nervous system diseases.
开发一种用于全面评估认知障碍患者注视眼动的方法。
本研究使用了瞳孔不可见眼动追踪仪。利用PsychoPy软件创建了一系列带有音频和文本伴随的视觉刺激。为受试者设置了两个连续任务：被动检查并记忆图像以及在呈现的图像上搜索特定元素。为评估实验，我们查看了包含测试期间发生的所有事件的整个测试记录。
发现通过查看和分析视频记录来评估测试结果的标准方法对研究人员来说耗时过长。获得的结果数量庞大且缺乏标准计算方法，使得数学处理变得复杂，因此开发了使用Wolfram和Python的额外软件。所开发技术的一个独特特征是，根据眼睛的注视运动将构建的热图划分为一定数量的区域，这是通过在执行任务时计算与刺激总面积相关的图像特定扇区的面积来实现的。该模型的实验验证揭示了在未固定指定图像时注视方向“无序”，在被诊断为原发性遗忘性失语症的患者中“热”点大小增加，这与健康个体的那些指标不同。
作为研究的一部分，开发了一种评估眼球运动综合指标的方法，该指标可能反映认知功能状态。在研究的第二阶段，计划增加患者样本，以确定健康个体以及由各种神经系统疾病引起认知障碍的患者在执行认知任务时眼动变化的特征模式。
