Park Hwangseon, Choi Kwangjune, Lee Changjun, Oh Hayoung
Department of Immersive Media Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 27;20(6):e0325697. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325697. eCollection 2025.
Understanding the multiple impacts of green spaces on individual health and overall quality of life is a key factor in urban planning and public health promotion. This study integrated smartphone Wi-Fi and GPS location data, survey data, and green space data to analyze the relationships between green space visitation patterns and sociodemographic characteristics, health, and green space perceptions of 1,715 residents of the Seoul metropolitan area in South Korea. Green space visitation patterns of urban residents were categorized into Non-Visitors (rarely visited green spaces), Weekday Visitors (weekday visits), Weekend Visitors (weekend visits), and Frequent Visitors (weekday and weekend visits). The health status of residents in each group was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L scale, which evaluates overall mental and physical health. The analysis indicated variations in educational background across groups, with the Non-Visitors and Frequent Visitors showing differing distributions. In addition, the Weekend Visitors group had the best mental and physical health, which were significantly different from the Non-Visitors group. Perceptions of green space were significantly more positive for Weekend Visitors and Frequent Visitors than for Non-Visitors. These results suggest that green space usage patterns can be segmented not only by frequency of visits, but also by when and whether they are visited. It is also worth noting the differences in green space visitation by educational background, highlighting the need for environmental education programs and campaigns to mitigate these environmental inequalities. The positive effect of weekend visits, in particular, highlights the value of green spaces for leisure and relaxation. This finding suggests that urban planning can benefit city residents by providing high-quality, easily accessible green spaces.
了解绿地对个人健康和整体生活质量的多重影响是城市规划和公共卫生促进的关键因素。本研究整合了智能手机的Wi-Fi和GPS位置数据、调查数据以及绿地数据，以分析韩国首尔大都市区1715名居民的绿地游览模式与社会人口特征、健康状况以及对绿地的认知之间的关系。城市居民的绿地游览模式分为非游览者（很少游览绿地）、工作日游览者（工作日游览）、周末游览者（周末游览）和频繁游览者（工作日和周末都游览）。使用EQ-5D-5L量表评估每组居民的健康状况，该量表评估整体心理和身体健康。分析表明，各组之间的教育背景存在差异，非游览者和频繁游览者呈现出不同的分布。此外，周末游览者组的心理和身体健康状况最佳，与非游览者组有显著差异。周末游览者和频繁游览者对绿地的认知明显比非游览者更积极。这些结果表明，绿地使用模式不仅可以按游览频率划分，还可以按游览时间和是否游览来划分。还值得注意的是不同教育背景的人在绿地游览方面的差异，这凸显了开展环境教育项目和活动以减少这些环境不平等现象的必要性。特别是周末游览的积极效果凸显了绿地在休闲和放松方面的价值。这一发现表明，城市规划可以通过提供高质量、易于到达的绿地使城市居民受益。
