Nasrollahizadeh Amir, Javankiani Sepide, Ebrahimi Pouya, Sharifi Farshad, Soltani Parnian, Amiri Majid, Moodi Mitra, Khorashadizadeh Masoumeh, Fakhrzadeh Hossein, Ramezani Pedram, Naderi Fatemeh, Taheri Maryam, Ebrahimpur Mahbube, Payab Moloud
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2025 Jun 28;37(1):198. doi: 10.1007/s40520-025-03072-x.
Sarcopenia is a progressive syndrome associated with adverse outcomes in older adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated risk and protective factors among community-dwelling elderly individuals.
As a part of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS), this retrospective cross-sectional study assesses patients older than 60 years old. Basic characteristics, nutritional status, comorbidities, and sociodemographic data were collected. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with sarcopenia severity.
A total of 1,348 participants (mean age: 69.73 ± 7.53 years) were classified into four groups: robust (58.85%), probable sarcopenia (31.03%), sarcopenia (4.76%), and severe sarcopenia (5.36%). On univariate analysis, being overweight or obese, any formal education, regular physical activity, and hypertension were accompanied by lower odds of sarcopenia, whereas dementia and anemia increased its odds. In the fully adjusted model, age > 70 years (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.83) and > 80 years (OR 4.93, 95% CI 3.15-7.71), malnutrition risk (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.02-1.82), living alone (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.12-3.22) and dementia (OR 1.03 per 6-CIT point, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) were independent risk factors, while education lower than diploma (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.46-0.86) and diploma (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.22-0.67), exercise more than once per week (with different ORs regarding variable physical activity frequencies) and hypertension (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.81, P-value < 0.01) were related to lower odds of sarcopenia.
Those aged > 70, at risk of malnutrition, and having dementia had higher odds of sarcopenia. In contrast, having an educational level of a diploma or lower, ≥ one session of physical activity per week, and having hypertension showed a reverse association with sarcopenia. Findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to mitigate sarcopenia risk in aging populations.
肌肉减少症是一种与老年人不良结局相关的进行性综合征。本研究旨在评估社区居住老年人中肌肉减少症的患病率及其相关风险和保护因素。
作为比尔詹德纵向衰老研究（BLAS）的一部分，这项回顾性横断面研究评估了60岁以上的患者。收集了基本特征、营养状况、合并症和社会人口学数据。进行逻辑回归分析以确定与肌肉减少症严重程度相关的因素。
总共1348名参与者（平均年龄：69.73±7.53岁）被分为四组：强健（58.85%）、可能肌肉减少症（31.03%）、肌肉减少症（4.76%）和严重肌肉减少症（5.36%）。单因素分析显示，超重或肥胖、接受过任何正规教育、经常进行体育活动和患有高血压与肌肉减少症的几率较低相关，而痴呆和贫血则增加了其几率。在完全调整模型中，年龄>70岁（OR 1.39，95%CI 1.05-1.8）和>80岁（OR 4.93，95%CI 3.15-7.71）、营养不良风险（OR 1.36，95%CI 1.02-1.82）、独居（OR 1.88，95%CI 1.12-3.22）和痴呆（每6-CIT评分OR 1.03，95%CI 1.01-1.05）是独立危险因素，而低于文凭水平的教育（OR 0.63，95%CI 0.46-0.86）和文凭（OR 0.39，95%CI 0.22-0.67）、每周锻炼不止一次（因不同的体育活动频率而异）和高血压（OR = 0.62，95%CI：0.47-0.81，P值<0.01）与肌肉减少症几率较低相关。
年龄>70岁、有营养不良风险和患有痴呆的人患肌肉减少症的几率更高。相比之下，具有文凭或更低的教育水平、每周至少进行一次体育活动和患有高血压与肌肉减少症呈反向关联。研究结果强调了针对性干预以降低老年人群肌肉减少症风险的重要性。
