高中运动员咖啡因消费模式的预测因素。
Predictors of caffeine consumption patterns in high school athletes.
作者信息
O'Connell Eamonn M, Hatfield Disa L, Stors Amanda, Cohen Steven A
机构信息
University of Rhode Island, Department of Kinesiology, South Kingston, RI, USA.
University of Rhode Island, Department of Health Studies, South Kingston, RI, USA.
出版信息
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2025 Dec;22(1):2525378. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2025.2525378. Epub 2025 Jun 28.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine caffeine consumption and the factors that affect caffeine use in high school athletes.
METHODS
Three hundred and ninety-four Rhode Island high school athletes (age: 16.8 ± 1.27 years) completed a cross-sectional online survey to assess caffeine consumption. A multivariate logistic regression analysis and binary logistic regression were performed to characterize associations between use and nonuse and the independent variables of ethnicity, grade, sex, and sport played. 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for all models. Statistical significance was set to ≤ 0.05 for all analysis.
RESULTS
Fifteen point five percent of the variance in caffeine use was related to ethnicity, grade, and sex(R = 0.155), with significant results for each variable. A majority of female athletes consumed caffeine (67.4%), compared to male athletes (37.8%) ( < 0.001). Athletes identifying as Caucasian reported significantly more caffeine use (55.9%), compared to athletes from underrepresented backgrounds (32.6%) ( < 0.001). Caffeine use was significantly different across grades, where 30.6% of 9th graders, 49.2% of 10th graders, 55.2% of 11th graders, and 49.2% of 12th graders reported caffeine use ( = 0.049). Coffee (51%) and energy drinks (43%) were the primary sources of caffeine consumption. Dance, cheerleading, and gymnastics participants were more than ten times as likely to consume caffeine compared to other sports (95% CI [2.28, 48.94], Exp (β) = 10.57).
CONCLUSION
Caffeine use in young athletes is related to factors including sex and ethnicity. Given the prevalence of use, young athletes, coaches, and parents/guardians should be educated on the risks and benefits of caffeine use. Future research should focus on the potential benefits of caffeine use to athletic performance verses possible side effects in this population.
SUPPORTED BY
The Clean Competition Grant from the Rhode Island Foundation.
目的
本研究旨在调查罗德岛高中运动员的咖啡因摄入量以及影响其咖啡因使用的因素。
方法
394名罗德岛高中运动员（年龄：16.8±1.27岁）完成了一项横断面在线调查，以评估咖啡因摄入量。进行多变量逻辑回归分析和二元逻辑回归，以描述使用与不使用咖啡因与种族、年级、性别和所从事运动等自变量之间的关联。为所有模型计算95%置信区间（CI）。所有分析的统计学显著性设定为≤0.05。
结果
咖啡因使用情况中15.5%的方差与种族、年级和性别有关（R=0.155），每个变量均有显著结果。与男运动员（37.8%）相比，大多数女运动员摄入咖啡因（67.4%）（P<0.001）。与来自代表性不足背景的运动员（32.6%）相比，认定为白人的运动员报告的咖啡因使用量显著更多（55.9%）（P<0.001）。不同年级的咖啡因使用情况存在显著差异，9年级学生中有30.6%、10年级学生中有49.2%、11年级学生中有55.2%、12年级学生中有49.2%报告使用过咖啡因（P=0.049）。咖啡（51%）和能量饮料（43%）是咖啡因摄入的主要来源。与其他运动项目相比，舞蹈、啦啦队和体操参与者摄入咖啡因的可能性高出十倍以上（95%CI[2.28,48.94]，Exp(β)=10.57）。
结论
年轻运动员的咖啡因使用与性别和种族等因素有关。鉴于使用的普遍性，应该对年轻运动员、教练以及家长/监护人进行关于咖啡因使用的风险和益处的教育。未来的研究应关注咖啡因使用对运动表现的潜在益处与该人群可能产生的副作用。
资助
罗德岛基金会的公平竞争资助。
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