Rosting Cecilie, Notø Hilde P, Ellingsen Dag G, Johansen Thea H, Olsen Raymond
National Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Chemical Work Environment, P.O. Box 5330, Gydas vei 8, OSLO N-0304, Norway.
Ann Work Expo Health. 2025 Aug 1;69(7):765-776. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxaf031.
Several authors have studied contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found on the outer gears of firefighters, but to our knowledge, none have investigated merino wool and mixed fibre undergarments used underneath the protective turnout gear. We therefore performed a comprehensive study regarding selected PAHs in pieces cut out from different areas of firefighter's sweaters and hood used in real fires and laundered after each use.
Hoods (38) and sweaters (58) were donated by 3 fire departments and from these garments 558 pieces of fabric were cut out. Extracts of the fabric pieces were analysed by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detection for 7 PAHs: anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene, fluoranthene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. In addition, a small study was performed to examine the removal of PAHs from sweaters during laundry.
Trace amounts of anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were detected both in merino wool and mixed fibre sweaters and hoods with highest concentrations for the hoods and lowest for the back of the sweaters. Highest concentration was found for the forehead position of the hoods. Significantly higher concentrations of PAHs were found in both hoods and sweaters containing the textile meta-aramid. Laundering reduced the amount of PAHs-in the sweaters but not completely.
Trace levels of benzo[a]pyrene and 3 other PAHs could be found in firefighters routine laundered undergarments. Cleaning reduced the PAH levels but not completely, and textiles with meta-aramid contained more PAHs than those without. Merino wool and mixed fibre undergarments are used in many countries and the results are valuable outside this study.
几位作者研究了消防员外层装备上发现的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染情况，但据我们所知，尚未有人对防护工作服下面穿着的美利奴羊毛和混纺纤维内衣进行调查。因此，我们针对从消防员在实际火灾中使用并每次使用后洗涤的毛衣和头罩不同部位剪下的样本中的特定PAHs进行了一项全面研究。
3个消防部门捐赠了头罩（38个）和毛衣（58件），从这些衣物上剪下了558块织物。采用液相色谱结合紫外和荧光检测法对织物样本中的7种PAHs进行分析：蒽、苯并[a]芘、 Chrysene、荧蒽、萘、菲和芘。此外，还进行了一项小型研究，以检查洗涤过程中毛衣上PAHs的去除情况。
在美利奴羊毛和混纺纤维毛衣及头罩中均检测到痕量的蒽、苯并[a]芘、荧蒽和芘，头罩中的浓度最高，毛衣背部的浓度最低。头罩前额位置的浓度最高。在含有间位芳纶的头罩和毛衣中发现的PAHs浓度明显更高。洗涤减少了毛衣中PAHs的含量，但并未完全去除。
在消防员日常洗涤的内衣中可发现痕量的苯并[a]芘和其他3种PAHs。清洗降低了PAHs水平，但未完全去除，含有间位芳纶的纺织品比不含间位芳纶的纺织品含有更多的PAHs。许多国家都使用美利奴羊毛和混纺纤维内衣，本研究结果在其他地区也具有参考价值。
