Motavalli Ali, Mahmoudi Javad, Majdi Alireza, Sadigh-Eteghad Saeed
Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2024 Sep-Oct;15(5):569-582. doi: 10.32598/bcn.2021.2308.1. Epub 2024 Sep 1.
There are numerous views about the concept of consciousness, and no consensus exists regarding its meaning. However, the latest neuroscientific developments have eliminated the misleading obstacles related to consciousness. Over the last few decades, neuroscientific efforts in determining the function of the brain and merging these findings with philosophical theories have brought a more comprehensive perception of the notion of consciousness. In addition to metaphysical or ontological views of consciousness, e.g. higher-order theories, reflexive theories, and representationalist theories, there are some brain-directed topics in this matter, which include but are not limited to neural correlates of consciousness (NCC), brain loop connectivity, and lateralization. This narrative review sheds light on cultural and historical aspects of consciousness in the old and middle ages and introduces some prominent philosophical discussions about mind and body. Also, it illustrates the correlation of brain function with states of consciousness with a focus on the roles of function and connectivity.
关于意识的概念有众多观点，对于其含义尚无共识。然而，神经科学的最新进展消除了与意识相关的误导性障碍。在过去几十年里，神经科学在确定大脑功能并将这些发现与哲学理论相结合方面所做的努力，带来了对意识概念更全面的认识。除了意识的形而上学或本体论观点，如高阶理论、反身理论和表征主义理论外，在这个问题上还有一些以大脑为导向的主题，包括但不限于意识的神经关联（NCC）、脑回路连接和大脑半球特化。这篇叙述性综述阐述了古代和中世纪意识的文化和历史方面，并介绍了一些关于心灵与身体的重要哲学讨论。此外，它还着重从功能和连接的作用方面说明了大脑功能与意识状态的相关性。
