Batool Sadia, Abbas Mazhar, Ashraf Sidra, Rafique Muhammad Kamran, Mumtaz Aqsa, Hussain Tariq, Riaz Muhammad, Rasool Ghulam, Ayub Muhammad Adnan, Akter Quzi Sharmin
Department of Basic Sciences (Section Biochemistry) University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore (Jhang Campus) Jhang Pakistan.
Department of Pathobiology (Section Parasitology) University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore (Jhang Campus) Jhang Pakistan.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jun 27;13(7):e70518. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70518. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Diabetes is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Onion peels have antioxidant and antidiabetic activities due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. In current research, the antidiabetic potential of a herbal-based silver nanodrug synthesized using aqueous extract of peels was studied against Alloxan-induced diabetes in rabbits. The green synthesized reduced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and aqueous extract were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS-MS) analysis. After the acclimation period, the rabbits were divided into nine groups of 5 rabbits each ( = 5). Experimental animals were injected with a single dose of Alloxan monohydrate (160 mg/mL per kg BW) and then orally treated with aqueous extract of peels and AgNPs at three dose concentrations (100, 200, 300 mg/mL per kg BW) for 20 days. Serum levels of blood sugar, renal function tests, lipid profile, and oxidative stress markers were determined photometrically. Results from mass spectral analysis revealed that quercetin and vanillic acid are the major phenolic compounds. XRD analysis confirmed the stabilization and shape of green synthesized AgNPs. Results from in vivo studies indicated that treatment with aqueous extract of peels and AgNPs attenuated the Alloxan-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner, as demonstrated by a decrease in blood sugar, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, and cholesterol to 100 ± 0.8, 57.66 ± 0.8, 38 ± 0.8, 1.11 ± 0.08, 40 ± 0.00 mg/dL, respectively, in rabbits administered with 300 mg/mL per kg BW AgNPs. The levels of oxidative stress markers (CAT, SOD, and GPx) in blood, that is, 3.6 ± 0.08, 6.0 ± 0.08, 918 ± 2.0 IU/mL, respectively, were also increased in rabbits administered with 300 mg/mL per kg BW AgNPs. Our results conclude that synthesized AgNPs using aqueous extract of peels have a protective effect against Alloxan-induced diabetes.
糖尿病是全球主要死因之一。由于含有类黄酮和酚类化合物，洋葱皮具有抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。在当前研究中，使用洋葱皮水提取物合成的一种基于草药的银纳米药物对四氧嘧啶诱导的兔糖尿病的抗糖尿病潜力进行了研究。采用X射线衍射分析（XRD）和液相色谱-质谱联用（LCMS-MS）分析对绿色合成的还原银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）和水提取物进行了表征。适应期过后，将兔子分为9组，每组5只（n = 5）。给实验动物单次注射一水合四氧嘧啶（每千克体重160毫克/毫升），然后以三种剂量浓度（每千克体重100、200、300毫克/毫升）口服洋葱皮水提取物和AgNPs，持续20天。通过光度法测定血糖、肾功能测试、血脂谱和氧化应激标志物的血清水平。质谱分析结果表明，槲皮素和香草酸是主要的酚类化合物。XRD分析证实了绿色合成的AgNPs的稳定性和形状。体内研究结果表明，洋葱皮水提取物和AgNPs治疗以剂量依赖的方式减轻了四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病，在给予每千克体重300毫克/毫升AgNPs的兔子中，血糖、甘油三酯、尿素、肌酐和胆固醇分别降至100±0.8、57.66±0.8、38±0.8、1.11±0.08、40±0.00毫克/分升。给予每千克体重300毫克/毫升AgNPs的兔子血液中氧化应激标志物（CAT、SOD和GPx）的水平也分别升高至3.6±0.08、6.0±0.08、918±2.0国际单位/毫升。我们的结果得出结论，使用洋葱皮水提取物合成的AgNPs对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病具有保护作用。
