Saikia Dimpymoni, Das Basanta B, Borah Pollov, Das Bishnu R
Community Medicine, Jorhat Medical College, Jorhat, IND.
Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Lakhimpur Medical College and Hospital, North Lakhimpur, IND.
Cureus. 2025 May 30;17(5):e85090. doi: 10.7759/cureus.85090. eCollection 2025 May.
With the passage of time, COVID-19 strains have mutated, leading to newer strains, and reports are there on the differences in presentation, severity, and infectivity of COVID-19 in the first two waves of the pandemic.
Comparison of the clinico-demographic profile and outcomes of patients admitted to the COVID ICU during the first and second waves.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of six months among patients admitted to the COVID ICU of Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Assam, including 284 patients. Data were collected from bed head tickets available in the Medical Records Department office. The t-test and χ2 test were used to compare data between the two waves.
In the first wave, most of the patients were 60 years and above, while in the second wave, the majority of cases were between 40 and 60 years (χ= 13.002, = 0.011). The presenting symptoms and the type of co-morbidities were similar in both waves. Mean delay in testing and hospitalization was significantly more in the second wave (= 0.005 and 0.02, respectively). Requirement of high flow O therapy (= 0.006) and ventilatory support (= 0.03) was higher in the second wave. The treatment protocol remained the same in both waves, except for universal use of remdesivir and decreased plasma therapy use in the second wave. The mean duration of hospital stay was longer in the second wave (= 0.02). There was a decrease in deaths from 42.1% to 36.1%, while discharges against medical advice increased from 2.1% to 12.5%.
The data of the study gave us an insight into the changes and similarities of the two waves. Understanding the disease at the local level can help us be better prepared in case of any further recurrence of the pandemic.
随着时间的推移，新冠病毒毒株发生了变异，产生了新的毒株，且有关于新冠疫情前两波中新冠病毒在临床表现、严重程度和传染性方面差异的报道。
比较第一波和第二波疫情期间入住新冠重症监护病房患者的临床人口统计学特征及结局。
在阿萨姆邦一家三级护理医院乔哈特医学院医院的新冠重症监护病房收治的患者中进行了为期六个月的基于医院的横断面研究，共纳入284例患者。数据从病历科办公室的床头卡中收集。采用t检验和χ²检验比较两波疫情期间的数据。
在第一波疫情中，大多数患者年龄在60岁及以上，而在第二波疫情中，大多数病例年龄在40至60岁之间（χ = 13.002，P = 0.011）。两波疫情中的首发症状和合并症类型相似。第二波疫情中检测和住院的平均延迟时间显著更长（分别为P = 0.005和0.02）。第二波疫情中高流量吸氧治疗（P = 0.006）和通气支持（P = 0.03）的需求更高。两波疫情中的治疗方案基本相同，只是第二波疫情中普遍使用了瑞德西韦且血浆治疗的使用减少。第二波疫情中平均住院时间更长（P = 0.02）。死亡率从42.1%降至36.1%，而自动出院率从2.1%升至12.5%。
该研究数据让我们深入了解了两波疫情的变化与相似之处。在地方层面了解该疾病有助于我们在疫情再次出现时做好更充分的准备。
