Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
PLoS One. 2020 Sep 3;15(9):e0234452. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234452. eCollection 2020.
Spain is one of the countries that has suffered the most from the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the strain that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is a lack of information on the characteristics of this disease in the Spanish population. The objective of this study has been to characterize our patients from an epidemiological point of view and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in our geographical area. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study on 188 hospitalized cases of SARS-Cov-2 infection in Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, in Reus, Spain, admitted between 15th March 2020 and 30th April 2020. We recorded demographic data, signs and symptoms and comorbidities. We also calculated the Charlson and McCabe indices. A total of 43 deaths occurred during the study period. Deceased patients were older than the survivors (77.7 ± 13.1 vs. 62.8 ± 18.4 years; p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, diabetes mellitus and cancer were the variables that showed independent and statistically significant associations with mortality. The Charlson index was more efficient than the McCabe index in discriminating between deceased and survivors. This is one of the first studies to describe the factors associated with mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain, and one of the few in the Mediterranean area. We identified the main factors independently associated with mortality in our population. Further studies are needed to complete and confirm our findings.
西班牙是受严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）影响最严重的国家之一，该病毒株引起 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。然而，关于这种疾病在西班牙人群中的特征，信息却很匮乏。本研究的目的是从流行病学的角度来描述我们的患者，并确定我们地理区域内与死亡率相关的危险因素。我们对 2020 年 3 月 15 日至 4 月 30 日期间在西班牙雷乌斯的圣若昂大学医院住院的 188 例 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者进行了前瞻性、纵向研究。我们记录了人口统计学数据、体征和症状以及合并症。我们还计算了 Charlson 和 McCabe 指数。在研究期间共有 43 例死亡。死亡患者比幸存者年龄更大（77.7 ± 13.1 岁比 62.8 ± 18.4 岁；p < 0.001）。逻辑回归分析表明，发热、肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、糖尿病和癌症是与死亡率具有独立和统计学显著关联的变量。Charlson 指数在区分死亡和存活患者方面比 McCabe 指数更有效。这是描述西班牙 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者与死亡率相关的因素的首批研究之一，也是在地中海地区为数不多的研究之一。我们确定了与我们人群死亡率独立相关的主要因素。需要进一步的研究来完善和证实我们的发现。
