Zhai Guangyu, Chu Tianxu, Liu Pinjie
School of Economics and Management, University of Technology, Lanzhou, China.
School of Computer Engineering, Huali College, Guangzhou, China.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2025 Jun 27;32(2):230-239. doi: 10.26444/aaem/203466. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
Currently, air pollution remains a significant factor affecting health. The aim of the study is to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of air pollutants in Gansu Province, China, as well as the direct effects and spatial spill-over effects of air pollutants on mortality rates in various regions of the province.
Panel data was collected from 2015-2022 (excluding 2020) and employed a panel spatial autoregressive model with fixed effects for both time and space, using three types of spatial weight matrices to explore the spatial impacts of air pollution on mortality rates among residents.
It was found that the mortality rate and degree of air pollution across various areas of Gansu were not randomly distributed, but showed obvious correlations and spatial aggregation characteristics. The median air quality index value significantly influenced the mortality rate of residents, and air pollution showed a spatial spill-over effect on the mortality rate. Mortality rates of the permanent population in a specific area were influenced not only by local air pollution but also by air pollution in neighbouring or economically-related areas. Numerical values of the direct and spatial spill-over effect of air pollution were calculated.
It was concluded that air pollution significantly impacts the mortality rate among Gansu's permanent residents through spatial spill-over effects. Collaborative efforts by governments across different regions are essential to mitigate the detrimental health effects of air pollution.
当前，空气污染仍是影响健康的重要因素。本研究旨在探究中国甘肃省空气污染物的空间分布特征，以及空气污染物对该省各地区死亡率的直接影响和空间溢出效应。
收集了2015 - 2022年（不包括2020年）的面板数据，并采用时空固定效应的面板空间自回归模型，使用三种类型的空间权重矩阵来探究空气污染对居民死亡率的空间影响。
研究发现，甘肃省各地区的死亡率与空气污染程度并非随机分布，而是呈现出明显的相关性和空间集聚特征。空气质量指数中位数对居民死亡率有显著影响，且空气污染对死亡率存在空间溢出效应。特定地区常住人口的死亡率不仅受当地空气污染影响，还受邻近或经济相关地区空气污染的影响。计算了空气污染的直接效应和空间溢出效应的数值。
研究得出结论，空气污染通过空间溢出效应显著影响甘肃省常住人口的死亡率。不同地区政府的协同努力对于减轻空气污染对健康的有害影响至关重要。
