Jiang Xiaohong, Sun Qixiang, Huang Yujia, Deng Yuetian, Li Chaoqian
Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China.
Clin Respir J. 2025;19(7):e70101. doi: 10.1111/crj.70101.
Nebulized inhalation therapy is an important method in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, and inactivated mycobacterial vaccine nebulized inhalation has received a wide attention recently, but the roles and mechanisms are still not fully understood. A literature search showed there is a strong scientific rationale and evidence that nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine is effective in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Clinically available mycobacterial vaccines include Mycobacterium phlei (M. phlei), BCG, and Mycobacterium vaccae (M. vaccae). Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine, especially M. vaccae, has been used in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and sepsis. It acts on the respiratory tract directly, thus stimulating the body to produce an immune response, enhance respiratory immunity, and achieve prevention and treatment effects. Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine will be an effective therapy in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.
雾化吸入疗法是防治呼吸道疾病的重要方法，近年来灭活分枝杆菌疫苗雾化吸入受到广泛关注，但其作用及机制仍未完全明确。文献检索表明，有充分的科学依据和证据显示，雾化吸入灭活分枝杆菌疫苗对防治呼吸道疾病有效。临床上可用的分枝杆菌疫苗包括草分枝杆菌、卡介苗和母牛分枝杆菌。雾化吸入灭活分枝杆菌疫苗，尤其是母牛分枝杆菌，已用于防治呼吸道疾病，如哮喘、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）和脓毒症。它直接作用于呼吸道，从而刺激机体产生免疫反应，增强呼吸道免疫力，达到防治效果。雾化吸入灭活分枝杆菌疫苗将成为防治呼吸道疾病的有效疗法。
