A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

Eucalyptus globulus Labill. is the primary plant material used for the extraction of eucalyptus oil. For this study, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of E. globulus using a combination of HiFi long-reads, Illumina short-reads and Hi-C data. The assembled genome size was 556.98 Mb, with a contig N50 of 37.93 Mb and scaffold N50 of 54.03 Mb. The completeness of the genome assembly was evaluated at 98.30% by BUSCO, and 99.05% of the genome sequence was anchored to 11 chromosomes. Additionally, 52.55% of repetitive sequences were identified in the genome, and 36,387 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 96.80% were functionally annotated. Notably, a comparison of the genome of E. globulus with six other congeneric species revealed strong conservation, in terms of gene numbers and structures. Overall, we assembled the most complete E. globulus genome sequence to date. This will serve as a valuable resource toward the elucidation of the molecular kinetics behind the accumulation of eucalyptus oil in E. globulus leaves to facilitate further genetic improvements.