Hassan Habib Ul, Ali Amjad, Al Sulivany Basim S A, Bilal Muhammad, Kanwal Roohi, Raza Muhammad Ahsan, Arslan Abdul, Ijaz Meer Zeeshan, Kabir Muhammad, Khan Mohammad Rizwan, Rasdi Nadiah Wan, Arai Takaomi
Department of Zoology (MRC & RC), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Perth, 6845, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22661. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03658-5.
Medicinal plants exhibit promising potential for the current needs in aquaculture production which is expected to grow in coming decades to feed a growing population and lead the blue revolution. Medicinal plants are a substitute for phytotherapy in treating fish disease outbreaks and enhance biological and growth performance providing a sustainable alternative to antibiotics and chemicals. A seventy-day trial investigated the active components of herbal extracts in improving fish health, survival, and growth of Thai pangus. Five diets were designed: T1 (Turmeric, 5%), T2 (Garlic, 5%), T3 (aloe vera, 5%), T4 (Mixed, 5%), and a control diet (T5). The fish were fed 30% dietary protein to apparent satiation four times per day. Two thousand individuals were stocked in each tank, with two replicates for each treatment, and an average body weight of 0.2 ± 0.04 g. The physicochemical parameters of tank water remained within the optimum range. The highest final body weight (42.22 ± 0.56), weight gain (42.01 ± 0.82), specific growth rate (7.57 ± 0.02), survival rate (100%) and overall health was observed in T4 with (Mixed, 5%), extract, which was significantly different from the other treatments (p < 0.05), although treatments T1, T2, and T3 also showed improvements compared to the control group, which displayed significant different. The lowest FCR was recorded in T4 (0.8 ± 0.02) which was significantly different compared to other treatment groups (p < 0.05).The T4 enhanced the viscerosomatic index (4.86 ± 0.21) hepatosomatic index (2.16 ± 0.01) and condition factor (0.98 ± 0.05) (p < 0.05). The blood parameters of Pangasius hypophthalmus across all mixed medicinal plant concentration showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The study concludes that medicinal plants are effective nutritional supplements for improving the development and health of P. hypophthalmus under hatchery conditions. They represent a valuable alternative to antibiotics and providing effective, safe, and eco-friendly solutions for sustainable aquaculture.
药用植物在当前水产养殖生产需求方面展现出了巨大潜力，预计在未来几十年里，随着人口增长，水产养殖将蓬勃发展，引领蓝色革命。药用植物可替代植物疗法来治疗鱼类疾病爆发，并能提高生物学性能和生长性能，为抗生素和化学物质提供了可持续的替代品。一项为期70天的试验研究了草药提取物的活性成分对泰国鲶鱼健康、存活和生长的影响。设计了五种饲料：T1（姜黄，5%）、T2（大蒜，5%）、T3（芦荟，5%）、T4（混合，5%）以及一种对照饲料（T5）。每天分四次投喂鱼类，投喂量为日粮蛋白质的30%，直至明显饱足。每个水箱放养2000尾鱼，每种处理设两个重复，平均体重为0.2±0.04克。水箱水的理化参数保持在最佳范围内。在T4组（混合，5%）提取物中观察到最高的终末体重（42.22±0.56）、增重（42.01±0.82）、特定生长率（7.57±0.02）、存活率（100%）和整体健康状况，与其他处理组有显著差异（p<0.05），尽管T1、T2和T3组与对照组相比也有改善，对照组显示出显著差异。T4组的饲料系数最低（0.8±0.02），与其他处理组有显著差异（p<0.05）。T4组提高了脏体指数（4.86±0.21）、肝体指数（2.16±0.01）和肥满度（0.98±0.05）（p<0.05）。所有混合药用植物浓度下的苏氏圆腹芒血液参数均显示出显著差异（p<0.05）。该研究得出结论，药用植物是在孵化场条件下改善苏氏圆腹芒发育和健康的有效营养补充剂。它们是抗生素的宝贵替代品，并为可持续水产养殖提供了有效、安全和环保的解决方案。
