Nowak-Terpiłowska Agnieszka, Akhtar Mahreen, Hussain Gulzar, Piasecki Adam, Błaszkiewicz Paulina, Tuliński Maciej, Wolarz Eryk, Karpiński Tomasz, Wyganowska Marzena Liliana
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Science, Dojazd 11, 60-632, Poznan, Poland.
Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965, Poznan, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21741. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05654-1.
Nanoparticles are promising agents in cancer therapy, yet their cytotoxic mechanisms across diverse cell types require insightful investigation. Bismuth selenide (BiSe) nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared via solvothermal route. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the hexagonal structure with space group R-3 m of the prepared material. The Bi₂Se₃ nanoparticles was found to have a crystallite size of approximately 15 nm. The average NP (powder grain) size and crystallite grain size were determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques. The study examines the cytotoxicity and mitochondrial impact of Bi₂Se₃ NPs in tongue cancer cells (SCC-25) and gingival fibroblasts. After 24 h of exposure, significant reductions in cell viability were observed in both cell types, with heightened sensitivity in gingival fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that the reduced crystallite grain size enhances cytotoxicity, likely due to increased nanoparticle-cell interaction and mitochondrial disruption, with cell-specific responses indicating varied vulnerability to mitochondrial toxicity. These results emphasize the critical role of NP size and crystallite size, and their cell-selective interactions in developing targeted and safe Bi₂Se₃-based therapies for cancer treatment.
纳米颗粒是癌症治疗中有前景的药物，然而它们在不同细胞类型中的细胞毒性机制需要深入研究。通过溶剂热法制备了硒化铋（BiSe）纳米颗粒（NPs）。X射线衍射（XRD）分析证实了所制备材料具有空间群为R-3 m的六方结构。发现Bi₂Se₃纳米颗粒的微晶尺寸约为15纳米。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）技术测定了纳米颗粒（粉末颗粒）的平均尺寸和微晶尺寸。该研究考察了Bi₂Se₃纳米颗粒对舌癌细胞（SCC-25）和牙龈成纤维细胞的细胞毒性及线粒体影响。暴露24小时后，两种细胞类型的细胞活力均显著降低，牙龈成纤维细胞的敏感性更高。我们的研究结果表明，微晶尺寸减小会增强细胞毒性，这可能是由于纳米颗粒与细胞的相互作用增加以及线粒体破坏所致，细胞特异性反应表明对线粒体毒性的易感性各不相同。这些结果强调了纳米颗粒尺寸和微晶尺寸及其细胞选择性相互作用在开发基于Bi₂Se₃的靶向且安全的癌症治疗方法中的关键作用。
