Heidari Parviz, Ahmadizadeh Mostafa, Rezaee Sadra
Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, 3619995161, Iran.
Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, 7916193145, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):22069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05795-3.
Ammonium and nitrogen are two important sources of inorganic nitrogen that are crucial for the growth and development of plants. The absorption and mobility of ammonium is managed by ammonium transporters (AMTs). In present study, eleven candidates of the AMT family were identified in the bean genome and further characterized. Phylogenetic analysis of the PvAMT family members and their orthologs separated them into two main subfamilies. Members of subfamily I possessed a single exon each, whereas members of subfamily II showed either three or four exons. Docking analysis revealed multiple interaction sites between PvAMTs and the PII protein, which serves as a crucial component of the nitrogen pathway in bacteria. In silico examination of posttranslational protein modifications in PvAMTs revealed that each family member displayed unique differences in the number of possible phosphorylation sites. In addition, the average number of phosphorylation sites in PvAMT subfamily I members was higher than subfamily II. The study of RNA-seq data disclosed that PvAMT genes display a degree of tissue-specific expression in the presence of abiotic stresses. PvAMTs co-expression network revealed a prevalence of genes related to membrane and transporter functions, as well as DNA binding and transcription factor activities. The expression pattern of PvAMT genes showed that during drought stress and soil salinity, the transcription level of these genes upregulated in shoot parts. PvAMT1 gene increased its expression by 45 and 31 times under drought and salinity stress, respectively, compared to normal conditions, while its expression was down-regulated in root tissues. Overall, the results indicated that PvAMTs are multifunctional proteins and are involved in the response to drought and salt stress in beans.
铵和氮是无机氮的两个重要来源,对植物的生长发育至关重要。铵的吸收和转运由铵转运蛋白(AMTs)调控。在本研究中,在菜豆基因组中鉴定出11个AMT家族候选基因,并对其进行了进一步表征。对菜豆AMT家族成员及其直系同源基因的系统发育分析将它们分为两个主要亚家族。亚家族I的成员各有一个外显子,而亚家族II的成员则有三个或四个外显子。对接分析揭示了菜豆AMTs与PII蛋白之间的多个相互作用位点,PII蛋白是细菌氮代谢途径的关键组成部分。对菜豆AMTs翻译后蛋白质修饰的计算机模拟分析表明,每个家族成员在可能的磷酸化位点数量上表现出独特差异。此外,菜豆AMT亚家族I成员的磷酸化位点平均数量高于亚家族II。RNA测序数据研究表明,在非生物胁迫下,菜豆AMT基因呈现一定程度的组织特异性表达。菜豆AMTs共表达网络显示,与膜和转运蛋白功能以及DNA结合和转录因子活性相关的基因普遍存在。菜豆AMT基因的表达模式表明,在干旱胁迫和土壤盐渍化期间,这些基因在地上部分的转录水平上调。与正常条件相比,菜豆AMT1基因在干旱和盐胁迫下的表达分别增加了45倍和31倍,而其在根组织中的表达下调。总体而言,结果表明菜豆AMTs是多功能蛋白,参与菜豆对干旱和盐胁迫的响应。