Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Nat Commun. 2023 Apr 5;14(1):1908. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37332-z.
Domesticated crops have been disseminated by humans over vast geographic areas. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was introduced in Europe after 1492. Here, by combining whole-genome profiling, metabolic fingerprinting and phenotypic characterisation, we show that the first common bean cultigens successfully introduced into Europe were of Andean origin, after Francisco Pizarro's expedition to northern Peru in 1529. We reveal that hybridisation, selection and recombination have shaped the genomic diversity of the European common bean in parallel with political constraints. There is clear evidence of adaptive introgression into the Mesoamerican-derived European genotypes, with 44 Andean introgressed genomic segments shared by more than 90% of European accessions and distributed across all chromosomes except PvChr11. Genomic scans for signatures of selection highlight the role of genes relevant to flowering and environmental adaptation, suggesting that introgression has been crucial for the dissemination of this tropical crop to the temperate regions of Europe.
家作物已经被人类传播到了广阔的地理区域。普通菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）于 1492 年之后引入欧洲。在这里，我们通过全基因组分析、代谢指纹图谱和表型特征分析，表明第一批成功引入欧洲的普通菜豆栽培种源自安第斯山脉，这是在弗朗西斯科·皮萨罗（Francisco Pizarro）于 1529 年远征秘鲁北部之后发生的。我们揭示了杂交、选择和重组与政治限制一起，塑造了欧洲普通菜豆的基因组多样性。有明确的证据表明，适应性渐渗进入了从中美洲传入欧洲的基因型，有 44 个安第斯渐渗基因组片段被超过 90%的欧洲品系共享，分布在除 PvChr11 之外的所有染色体上。选择的基因组扫描突出了与开花和环境适应相关的基因的作用，这表明渐渗对于这种热带作物传播到欧洲的温带地区至关重要。
