Soliman Raghad E, Ateya Ahmed, Abou-El-Atta Mohamed, Emam Wasseem, Abdel-Rahim Mohamed M, Elhetawy Ashraf I G, Elshafey Ahmed E, Mohamed Radi A
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Department of Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21713. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07498-1.
The study aimed to explore the impact of dietary Pediastrum boryanum (PB) on growth performance, immune-physiological and transcriptome responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A 90-day trial using 1800 fish (17.00 ± 1.722 g) was allocated at random into 4 groups, three replicates each. The 4 groups received PB at 0 (G1), 1 (G2), 2 (G3), and 4 (G4) g/kg diet, respectively. The fish in Group G3 displayed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and final length when compared to the control group. In addition, red blood cell counts (RBCs), and neutrophils were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in G3. The groups' biochemical parameters did not significantly differ from one another; nevertheless, significant (p < 0.05) variations in immunoglobulin M (IgM), phagocytic activity, and the values of the phagocytic index. The antioxidative activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase differed significantly (p < 0.05) between groups, with the highest values seen in group G3. Moreover, there was a significant (p < 0.05) upgrade in the expression levels of GH, IGF-1, SOD, catalase, IL-6, IL-8, and PGAM2 genes in group G3. Additionally, G3 had the most typical liver structure, significantly (p < 0.05) increased villi length and width, and a thicker lamina propria in the intestine. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of PB boosted growth performance, blood and serum profile, morphometric evaluation of the liver and intestine, and expression of genes related to growth, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and energy metabolism in Nile tilapia.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中添加波吉卵囊藻（PB）对尼罗罗非鱼（奥利亚罗非鱼）生长性能、免疫生理和转录组反应的影响。一项为期90天的试验，使用1800尾鱼（17.00±1.722克），随机分为4组，每组3个重复。4组分别在日粮中添加0（G1）、1（G2）、2（G3）和4（G4）克/千克的PB。与对照组相比，G3组鱼的终末体重、增重、特定生长率和终末体长显著（p<0.05）增加。此外，G3组的红细胞计数（RBCs）和中性粒细胞显著（p<0.05）更高。各组的生化参数彼此之间无显著差异；然而，免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、吞噬活性和吞噬指数值存在显著（p<0.05）差异。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶的抗氧化活性在各组之间差异显著（p<0.05），G3组的值最高。此外，G3组中生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、SOD、过氧化氢酶、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）和磷酸甘油酸变位酶2（PGAM2）基因的表达水平显著（p<0.05）上调。此外，G3组肝脏结构最典型，肠绒毛长度和宽度显著（p<0.05）增加，固有层更厚。总之，日粮中添加PB可提高尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能、血液和血清指标、肝脏和肠道的形态学评估以及与生长、抗氧化能力、免疫和能量代谢相关基因的表达。
