Dave Hiren, Choksi Himanshu, Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque, Dixit Saurav, Markiewicz Anna
Mechanical Engineering Department, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India.
Chemical Engineering Department, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22988. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05687-6.
Numerous studies have blended cetane number improver (CNI) in diesel engine fuels for compensating the drop in cetane number (CN) when alcohol/biodiesel fuel is blended with diesel fuel. However, the studies that focused on using CNI with neat diesel fuel (D100) are very limited. Moreover, the majority of the earlier studies that used CNI are based on conventional single injection (SI) only. The presented work experimentally investigates the influence of adding CNI in D100 on diesel engine combustion under pilot injection (PI) mode which can be of significant novelty. The importance of CNI is more significant under PI mode because it leads to more complete combustion of pilot fuel before the main injection starts. Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) was used as CNI and added into D100 in concentration of 1% by volume. The SI with D100 was considered as a reference condition and the test engine was operated at fixed load and speed of 90% and 1600 rpm respectively. Preliminary experiments conducted with D100 showed that implementing PI offers a considerable reduction in nitrogen oxides (NO) emissions compared to SI while increasing smoke emissions. When DTBP was added in D100, it caused more complete and faster combustion of pilot fuel before commencement of main injection. The obtained results revealed that diesel/DTBP blend under PI mode with 10% pilot quantity and - 24° after top dead center (ATDC) pilot injection timing offered 20.8% and 64.29% reduction in NO and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions respectively compared to the reference conditions while increasing smoke emissions by 71.42%.
许多研究已将十六烷值改进剂（CNI）混入柴油发动机燃料中，以补偿酒精/生物柴油燃料与柴油混合时十六烷值（CN）的下降。然而，专注于将CNI与纯柴油燃料（D100）一起使用的研究非常有限。此外，大多数早期使用CNI的研究仅基于传统的单次喷射（SI）。本文的工作通过实验研究了在D100中添加CNI对引燃喷射（PI）模式下柴油发动机燃烧的影响，这可能具有显著的新颖性。在PI模式下，CNI的重要性更为显著，因为它能使引燃燃料在主喷射开始前更完全地燃烧。二叔丁基过氧化物（DTBP）被用作CNI，并以体积浓度1%添加到D100中。以D100的SI作为参考条件，测试发动机分别在90%的固定负荷和1600转/分钟的转速下运行。用D100进行的初步实验表明，与SI相比，实施PI可显著降低氮氧化物（NO）排放，同时增加烟雾排放。当在D100中添加DTBP时，它使引燃燃料在主喷射开始前燃烧得更完全、更快。获得的结果表明，在PI模式下，柴油/DTBP混合物在引燃量为10%且在上止点后（ATDC）-24°的引燃喷射正时，与参考条件相比，NO和碳氢化合物（HC）排放分别降低了20.8%和64.29%，同时烟雾排放增加了71.42%。
