Zhang Fengtian, Luo Weihong, Min Zhongjie, Wu Longping, Wang Ziyang, Wang Yufei, Liao Wenbin, Liu Yu, Chen Weiliang, Wen Lijuan
First Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Jinling East Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, China.
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gannan Medical University, University Park in Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China.
BMC Cancer. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):1071. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-14433-0.
The advancement of biomimetic drug delivery systems designed for biomedical applications has attracted considerable attention from researchers in recent years. A particularly noteworthy approach involves the use of various cell membranes, which can impart distinctive functionalities to the nanoparticles, including specific recognition of target cells, prolonged circulation within the bloodstream, and enhanced ability to evade the immune system, as surface coatings on nanoparticles. This innovative strategy has positioned cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNPs) as a promising framework for addressing a wide range of diseases more effectively.
In the current investigation, lipid nanoparticles were specifically engineered using glioblastoma cell membrane (GBMM) coatings, termed as LNPs/D@GBMM, to serve as targeted nanotheranostics against homologous malignant glioblastoma (GBM). The physicochemical properties of LNPs/D@GBMM were investigated in terms of particle size, morphology, drug loading (DL), drug release behavior and so on. Homologous cellular uptake was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Moreover, the bio-distribution of CMCNPs in vivo was investigated via the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging technique, and the anti-tumor effect in vivo was evaluated in xenografted nude mice.
Compared to non-targeted lipid nanoparticles, LNPs/D@GBMM exhibited superior cytotoxic effects against homologous tumor cells. In addition, fluorescence imaging of targeted tumor cells treated with LNPs/D@GBMM indicated a marked increase in cell internalization, and improved fluorescence distribution in vivo. LNPs/D@GBMM finally produced an excellent tumor suppression effect on homologous tumors.
The robust platform established by CMCNPs leveraging the inherent characteristics of homologous tumor cell membranes, is expected to facilitate systemic delivery of therapeutic agents specifically aimed at treating tumors, thus advancing the efficacy of cancer therapy in clinical settings.
近年来，为生物医学应用设计的仿生药物递送系统的发展引起了研究人员的广泛关注。一种特别值得注意的方法是使用各种细胞膜，这些细胞膜可以赋予纳米颗粒独特的功能，包括对靶细胞的特异性识别、在血液中的长时间循环以及增强的逃避免疫系统的能力，作为纳米颗粒的表面涂层。这种创新策略使细胞膜包覆纳米颗粒（CMCNPs）成为更有效治疗多种疾病的有前景的框架。
在当前的研究中，脂质纳米颗粒被专门设计为使用胶质母细胞瘤细胞膜（GBMM）涂层，称为LNPs/D@GBMM，作为针对同源恶性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）的靶向纳米诊疗剂。从粒径、形态、载药量（DL）、药物释放行为等方面研究了LNPs/D@GBMM的理化性质。通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）评估同源细胞摄取。通过MTT法评估细胞毒性。此外，通过近红外（NIR）荧光成像技术研究了CMCNPs在体内的生物分布，并在异种移植裸鼠中评估了其体内抗肿瘤效果。
与非靶向脂质纳米颗粒相比，LNPs/D@GBMM对同源肿瘤细胞表现出优异的细胞毒性作用。此外，用LNPs/D@GBMM处理的靶向肿瘤细胞的荧光成像表明细胞内化显著增加，并且体内荧光分布得到改善。LNPs/D@GBMM最终对同源肿瘤产生了优异的肿瘤抑制效果。
CMCNPs利用同源肿瘤细胞膜的固有特性建立的强大平台，有望促进专门针对肿瘤治疗的治疗剂的全身递送，从而提高临床环境中癌症治疗的疗效。
