Prevalence and associated risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection among medical students at Shendi university, Sudan.

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori is a significant pathogen of the gastrointestinal tract infection connected with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric carcinoma. Its infection influences more than half of the world's inhabitants.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori infection among medical students. Focusing to identify associated risk factors, and provide insights to improve awareness and prevention strategies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shendi University, Sudan, during the period from January to May 2025. The research took place in the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, and included a total of 50 medical students were selected randomly. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and H. pylori infection was diagnosed using a fecal antigen test.

RESULTS

Out of the 50 participating students, 18 (36.0%) tested positive for H. pylori infection. The infection was more prevalent among females (46.4%) compared to males (22.7%). The highest infection rate was observed in the 22-23 age group (54.5%). Clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain (p = 0.010) and nausea or vomiting (p = 0.026) were significantly associated with infection. A history of previous diagnosis (p < 0.001) and treatment (p < 0.001) was also strongly correlated with a positive test result. However, no significant associations were found between infection and other factors such as dietary habits, hygiene practices, or smoking.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings indicate a relatively high prevalence of H. pylori infection among medical students at Shendi University. These results highlight the need for targeted awareness campaigns and improved preventive strategies within this population.