Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
Helicobacter. 2018 Sep;23 Suppl 1:e12514. doi: 10.1111/hel.12514.
This review provides the most recent data concerning the epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Overall, the trend of declining prevalence of H. pylori infection is continuing, with major evidence available from studies in Europe. However, in some parts of the world, for example, in some countries in the Middle East, the prevalence has remained relatively stable. A number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published during the past year indicating the lowest prevalence rates of the infection in Oceania (24.4%), the highest in Africa (79.1%), and the global annual recurrence rate of H. pylori (4.3%). The recurrence rates were found to be directly related to the human development index and prevalence of infection. Several studies have addressed the correlation between H. pylori infection and sociodemographic conditions, source of drinking water and dietary factors. A hypothesis on the role of insects and yeasts in transmitting H. pylori has been suggested and addressed. Helicobacter sp. have been found in flow flies in Brazil. So far there is no evidence available that H. pylori may survive and persist on the outer body of the fly.
这篇综述提供了有关幽门螺杆菌感染流行病学的最新数据。总体而言，幽门螺杆菌感染流行率呈下降趋势，主要证据来自欧洲的研究。然而，在世界上的一些地区，例如中东的一些国家，流行率仍然相对稳定。过去一年发表了许多系统评价和荟萃分析，表明大洋洲的感染率最低（24.4%），非洲最高（79.1%），全球幽门螺杆菌的年复发率为 4.3%。复发率与人类发展指数和感染流行率直接相关。一些研究探讨了幽门螺杆菌感染与社会人口状况、饮用水来源和饮食因素之间的相关性。有人提出并探讨了昆虫和酵母在传播幽门螺杆菌方面的作用假说。在巴西的飞行蝇中发现了幽门螺杆菌属。到目前为止，还没有证据表明幽门螺杆菌可能在蝇的外部存活和持续存在。
