Ramadan Majed, Alharbi Khulud K
Population Health Research Section King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, P.O.BOX 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Health Administration and Hospitals, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):618. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-07041-6.
Mental and substance use disorders represent a significant public health challenge worldwide. In Saudi Arabia also a high burden of disease associated with mental disorders accounted for about 7.3% of the total burden of disease in the country. This study aimed to assess the temporal trends of prevalence, incidence, years-lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rates due to mental and substance use disorders over a 30-year period in Saudi Arabia.
The data was obtained from The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019. The GBD provided inclusive and accessible epidemiological data on 369 diseases and injuries, as well as 87 risk factors, from 1990 to 2019.
In 2019, there were 5,032,669 (95%) uncertainty intervals (UI) 3·5-9·9)) adults in Saudi Arabia with mental disorder, and 166,989 with substance use disorder. The largest proportion of prevalence increase from 1990 to 2019 was in eating disorder with 9.8% (95% UI 7.03-12.6). The most significant proportion of prevalence and incidence increase from 1990 to 2019 was in opioid disorders with 41.08% change in prevalence and 36.83 in incidence. From 1990 to 2019 there was + 26.46% increase in the annual change rate of age standardized DALYs due to substance use disorders.
Mental disorders have a significant negative impact on large proportion of Saudis. While substance use disorder had moderate prevalence, it has been increasing rapidly since 2016. It is crucial for health officials and policymakers to make substantial investments in mental health and substance use services to promote prevention when possible and to offer accessible treatment, care, and rehabilitation. Efforts should also focus on integrating mental and physical health services.
精神和物质使用障碍是全球重大的公共卫生挑战。在沙特阿拉伯，与精神障碍相关的疾病负担也很高，约占该国疾病总负担的7.3%。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯30年间因精神和物质使用障碍导致的患病率、发病率、残疾生存年数（YLDs）和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）率的时间趋势。
数据来自《2019年全球疾病负担》（GBD）。GBD提供了1990年至2019年期间关于369种疾病和损伤以及87种风险因素的全面且可获取的流行病学数据。
2019年，沙特阿拉伯有5,032,669名（95%不确定区间[UI]为3.5 - 9.9）患有精神障碍的成年人，以及166,989名患有物质使用障碍的成年人。1990年至2019年患病率增加比例最大的是饮食失调，为9.8%（95% UI 7.03 - 12.6）。1990年至2019年患病率和发病率增加比例最显著的是阿片类物质障碍，患病率变化为41.08%，发病率变化为36.83%。1990年至2019年，因物质使用障碍导致的年龄标准化DALYs年变化率增加了26.46%。
精神障碍对很大一部分沙特人有重大负面影响。虽然物质使用障碍患病率中等，但自2016年以来一直在迅速上升。卫生官员和政策制定者大力投资精神卫生和物质使用服务至关重要，以便尽可能促进预防并提供可及的治疗、护理和康复。工作还应注重整合精神卫生和身体健康服务。
