本科护理专业学生心理困扰的异质性：一项潜在剖面分析。

The heterogeneity in psychological distress among undergraduate nursing students: a latent profile analysis.

作者信息

Wang Yuenv, Deng Qianying, Fu Yingjie, Su Siyi, Wang Zheng, Xu Luyi, Li Jufang

机构信息

School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

出版信息

BMC Nurs. 2025 Jul 1;24(1):801. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03373-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12912-025-03373-6

PMID:40598431

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12210687/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Undergraduate nursing students suffer from considerable psychological distress, which affects their academic and clinical practice performance. Current research on the psychological distress of undergraduate nursing students has focused mainly on its overall level and ignored its heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify the heterogeneity in psychological distress among undergraduate nursing students and further explore the influencing factors (demographic variables, core self-evaluation, emotional intelligence and its dimensions) of different psychological distress profiles.

METHOD

This study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 397 undergraduate nursing students from a medical university located in southeast China were recruited in December 2023. Data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, the 10-item Kessler psychological distress scale, the core self-evaluation scale, and the emotional intelligence scale. A latent profile analysis was used to identify the heterogeneity in psychological distress among undergraduate nursing students. In addition, multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of different psychological distress profiles of undergraduate nursing students.

RESULTS

Four psychological distress profiles of undergraduate nursing students were identified: the low psychological distress group, the medium psychological distress group, the medium psychological distress-low anxiety group, and the high psychological distress group. The educational level of the mother, core self-evaluation, use of emotion, and regulation of emotion were significant influencing factors of different psychological distress profiles.

CONCLUSION

Nearly half of the undergraduate nursing students were classified into the medium psychological distress group and the medium psychological distress-low anxiety group. Special attention should be given to undergraduate nursing students whose mothers have higher educational levels, as these students may suffer from higher levels of psychological distress due to greater family expectations. In addition, strengthening undergraduate nursing students' core self-evaluation and improving their ability to use and regulate emotion may be effective strategies to improve these students' psychological distress.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable.

摘要

背景

本科护理专业学生存在相当程度的心理困扰，这会影响他们的学业和临床实践表现。目前关于本科护理专业学生心理困扰的研究主要集中在其总体水平，而忽视了其异质性。本研究旨在识别本科护理专业学生心理困扰的异质性，并进一步探讨不同心理困扰类型的影响因素（人口统计学变量、核心自我评价、情商及其维度）。

方法

本研究采用横断面设计。2023年12月，招募了来自中国东南部一所医科大学的397名本科护理专业学生。使用人口统计学信息问卷、10项凯斯勒心理困扰量表、核心自我评价量表和情商量表收集数据。采用潜在类别分析来识别本科护理专业学生心理困扰的异质性。此外，使用多项逻辑回归分析来探讨本科护理专业学生不同心理困扰类型的影响因素。