Silva Deise de Paula, Viveiros Josiane, Jacomassi Lucas Moraes, Pacola Marcela, Momesso Letusa, de Siqueira Gabriela Ferraz, Martello Jorge Martinelli, Foltran Rodrigo, Soratto Rogério Peres, Dinardo-Miranda Leila Luci, Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa
Sugarcane Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Houma, LA, United States.
São Paulo State University (UNESP), College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jun 17;16:1558071. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1558071. eCollection 2025.
Chemical ripeners are applied to ensure the quality of the final product in sugarcane production, especially under unfavorable conditions for sucrose accumulation. In addition, bioactivators such as the insecticide thiamethoxam can stimulate plant development. Thus, the application of thiamethoxam to sugarcane regrowth associated with ripener may have phytotonic effects and improve sugarcane quality and yield. The aim of this study was to understand the effects of thiamethoxam foliar application to sugarcane ratoon treated with trinexapac-ethyl as a ripener. Four management strategies (treatments) were introduced and tested in six field experiments conducted across the early and late harvest seasons: no chemical application (control), application of 250 g a.i ha trinexapac-ethyl (0.4 L ha of commercial product) as a ripener, application of thiamethoxam 100 g a.i ha (0.4 kg ha of commercial product) as a bioactivator, and application of ripener and bioactivator. Thiamethoxam application increased stalk yield by 14 Mg ha compared with the control, and joint application with ripener increased sugar yield by up to 3 Mg ha due to an increase in total recoverable sugar (TRS) of up to 11% compared with the control (139.9 kg Mg). The increases in biomass in response to thiamethoxam application increased potential energy production (MWh) by 16.8% compared with the treatments without insecticide. The integration of thiamethoxam into sugarcane management enhanced yield, biomass, and energy-related traits without compromising technological quality. When combined with trinexapac-ethyl, it increased sugar yield per hectare. These benefits point to improved land-use efficiency. However, given its classification as a neonicotinoid, further studies are needed to assess long-term safety. Such research is key to aligning productivity with sustainability in sugarcane systems.
在甘蔗生产中，尤其是在不利于蔗糖积累的条件下，会使用化学催熟剂来确保最终产品的质量。此外，诸如杀虫剂噻虫嗪之类的生物激活剂可以刺激植物生长。因此，将噻虫嗪应用于与催熟剂相关的甘蔗再生长可能具有促生长作用，并提高甘蔗的质量和产量。本研究的目的是了解叶面喷施噻虫嗪对用调环酸钙作为催熟剂处理的甘蔗宿根的影响。在早季和晚季收获期进行的六个田间试验中引入并测试了四种管理策略（处理）：不施用化学药剂（对照）、施用250克有效成分/公顷的调环酸钙（0.4升/公顷商业产品）作为催熟剂、施用100克有效成分/公顷的噻虫嗪（0.4千克/公顷商业产品）作为生物激活剂，以及同时施用催熟剂和生物激活剂。与对照相比，施用噻虫嗪使茎产量增加了14吨/公顷，与催熟剂联合施用由于总可回收糖（TRS）比对照增加了高达11%（139.9千克/吨），使糖产量增加了高达3吨/公顷。与不使用杀虫剂的处理相比，因施用噻虫嗪而导致的生物量增加使潜在能源产量（兆瓦时）提高了16.8%。将噻虫嗪纳入甘蔗管理可提高产量、生物量和与能源相关的性状，而不会影响工艺质量。当与调环酸钙结合使用时，它提高了每公顷的糖产量。这些益处表明土地利用效率得到了提高。然而，鉴于其新烟碱类的分类，需要进一步研究来评估其长期安全性。此类研究对于使甘蔗系统的生产力与可持续性保持一致至关重要。
