Ebrahimi Rasoul, Shahrokhi Nejad Shahrzad, Fekri Mehra, Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Curr Res Microb Sci. 2025 Jun 11;9:100420. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100420. eCollection 2025.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While current treatments such as surveillance, surgery, and radiation are effective, they have their limitations. These can include patient incompliance due to side effects or resistance to hormonal changes, highlighting the need for alternative approaches. Human microbiota, a complex and dynamic host, plays a significant role in the homeostasis and is associated with several diseases or cancers in cases of dysregulation and dysbiosis. Research on fecal microbiota profiling and its association with certain cancers has opened new possibilities for preventing and managing tumor progression. One such possibility is fecal microbial transplantation (FMT). Studies show that different composition of urinary microbiota is found in various urinary tract diseases. Gut microbiota can regulate immune response against tumors; therefore, FMT may help modulate gut microbiota in a way that potentially enhances responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, as suggested by emerging evidence in other cancers, though this needs further validation in PCa. Nevertheless, long-term complications and the safety of FMT are still questioned. We reviewed the roles of gut microbiota in PCa and suggested FMT as a potential tool in the treatment of PCa, which needs further investigations.
前列腺癌（PCa）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。虽然目前的治疗方法，如监测、手术和放疗是有效的，但它们有其局限性。这些局限性可能包括由于副作用或对激素变化的抵抗导致患者依从性差，这凸显了需要替代方法。人类微生物群是一个复杂且动态的宿主，在体内平衡中起着重要作用，并且在失调和生态失调的情况下与多种疾病或癌症相关。对粪便微生物群谱及其与某些癌症的关联的研究为预防和管理肿瘤进展开辟了新的可能性。其中一种可能性是粪便微生物移植（FMT）。研究表明，在各种泌尿系统疾病中发现了不同组成的尿液微生物群。肠道微生物群可以调节针对肿瘤的免疫反应；因此，正如其他癌症中出现的证据所表明的那样，FMT可能有助于以一种潜在增强对免疫检查点抑制剂反应的方式调节肠道微生物群，尽管这在PCa中需要进一步验证。然而，FMT的长期并发症和安全性仍然受到质疑。我们综述了肠道微生物群在PCa中的作用，并建议将FMT作为PCa治疗的一种潜在工具，这需要进一步研究。
