Ozoaduche Chioma Lilian, Posta Katalin, Libisch Balázs, Olasz Ferenc
Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Doctoral School of Biology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary.
AIMS Microbiol. 2025 Jun 16;11(2):436-461. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2025020. eCollection 2025.
An increasing rate of antibiotic resistance (AR) has been observed in the Gram-negative bacteria , , and in the human, environmental, and food animal domains worldwide, thus posing a serious global health challenge. Acquired AR genes of these species were overviewed from selected Western Balkans countries together with those from the European Union member states Croatia and Hungary. The AR determinants published from Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia included diverse acquired β-lactamase genes, with several of them possessing carbapenemase activity, such as , , , , , and . Furthermore, acquired aminoglycoside, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, quinolone, and/or colistin resistance determinants were detected in the three domains of the One Health approach. The AR profile of representative isolates have also been overviewed. Multidrug-resistant isolates of the ST235 high-risk clone were mainly reported within clinical settings. The distribution of the ST131 and ST2 high-risk clones in both clinical and environmental settings highlight their adaptability and effective dissemination. Systematic infection control practices are advised to combat the spread of antibiotic resistance, and further research from a One Health perspective is encouraged into its emergence and dissemination.
在全球范围内，革兰氏阴性菌在人类、环境和食用动物领域的抗生素耐药性（AR）发生率不断上升，这对全球健康构成了严峻挑战。对来自西巴尔干半岛选定国家以及欧盟成员国克罗地亚和匈牙利的这些物种的获得性AR基因进行了概述。来自阿尔巴尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、塞尔维亚和克罗地亚发表的AR决定因素包括多种获得性β-内酰胺酶基因，其中一些具有碳青霉烯酶活性，如、、、、、和。此外，在“同一健康”方法的三个领域中检测到了获得性氨基糖苷类、氯霉素、磷霉素、四环素、磺胺类、喹诺酮类和/或黏菌素耐药性决定因素。还概述了代表性分离株的AR谱。ST235高风险克隆的多重耐药分离株主要在临床环境中被报道。ST131和ST2高风险克隆在临床和环境环境中的分布突出了它们的适应性和有效传播。建议采取系统的感染控制措施来对抗抗生素耐药性的传播，并鼓励从“同一健康”角度对其出现和传播进行进一步研究。
