Cheng Siren, Wang Xueqing, Zheng Likai, Liao Jinyue, Li Qingqing, Ren Yong
College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, PR China.
College of Smart Agriculture, YuLin Normal University, YuLin, Guangxi, PR China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jul 2;20(7):e0326578. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326578. eCollection 2025.
Despite numerous studies on salicylic acid (SA) and its functions, research regarding the regulation of foliar-applied SA at the heading stage in fragrant rice remains scarce. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted using Meixiangzhan and Yuxiangyouzhan cultivars. Exogenous SA was applied at four concentrations, namely 0 (CK), 0.1 mM (SA1), 0.5 mM (SA5), and 1 mM (SA10), during the heading stage to assess its effects on fragrant rice production. The results demonstrated that foliar SA application significantly enhanced the grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) content. The SA5 treatment yielded the highest values, with increases of 68.2% and 22.7% for Meixiangzhan and Yuxiangyouzhan, respectively. Moreover, SA application led to improvements in the activity of proline dehydrogenase and the contents of proline, pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid, and pyrroline. Regarding yield, SA application resulted in an increase, with both cultivars achieving a maximum under the SA5 treatment. This was mainly attributed to the enhancement of 1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate, as well as the improved antioxidant properties, particularly the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Principal component analysis revealed distinct differences between the control and treatment groups. Correlation analysis indicated that yield and yield - related traits were both directly and indirectly associated with the 2-AP content, and were regulated by antioxidant oxidase activity and proline content. Overall, the 0.5 mM SA treatment represents an effective strategy for synergistically improving both the yield and aroma of fragrant rice.
尽管针对水杨酸（SA）及其功能开展了大量研究，但关于在香稻抽穗期叶面喷施SA的调控作用的研究仍然匮乏。在本研究中，使用美香占和玉香油占品种进行了盆栽试验。在抽穗期以四种浓度，即0（对照）、0.1 mM（SA1）、0.5 mM（SA5）和1 mM（SA10）叶面喷施外源SA，以评估其对香稻产量的影响。结果表明，叶面喷施SA显著提高了籽粒2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉（2-AP）含量。SA5处理的值最高，美香占和玉香油占分别增加了68.2%和22.7%。此外，施用SA还提高了脯氨酸脱氢酶的活性以及脯氨酸、吡咯啉-5-羧酸和吡咯啉的含量。关于产量，施用SA导致产量增加，两个品种在SA5处理下均达到最大值。这主要归因于千粒重和结实率的提高，以及抗氧化性能的改善，特别是抗氧化酶的活性。主成分分析揭示了对照组和处理组之间的明显差异。相关性分析表明，产量和产量相关性状均与2-AP含量直接和间接相关，并受抗氧化酶活性和脯氨酸含量的调控。总体而言，0.5 mM SA处理是一种协同提高香稻产量和香气的有效策略。
