Oppong-Danquah Ernest, Heumann Jana, Moosbauer Hannah, Blümel Martina, Wenzel-Storjohann Arlette, Tasdemir Deniz
GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Nat Prod Bioprospect. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):42. doi: 10.1007/s13659-025-00527-6.
The microbiota associated with fish is increasingly recognized as a valuable source of bioactive metabolites for pharmaceutical application. The mesopelagic zone, a deep and unique ecosystem with a diverse biological community, is among the least studied marine environments. This study explored the potential of cultivable microbiota associated mainly with mesopelagic fish for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. We isolated and identified 643 cultivable bacteria predominantly from various organs of fish collected from the mesopelagic zone of the North Atlantic Ocean, with additional samples from jellyfish, squid and krill. The bacterial community was dominated by the Gram-negative phylum Pseudomonadota, particularly the genera Psychrobacter, Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio. A total of 394 bacterial isolates were selected and cultured in two growth media. Microbial extracts (590) were assessed for their anticancer and antimicrobial activities against human and fish pathogens. Over 60% of extracts exhibited activity against two ESKAPE pathogens methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium, as well as the fish pathogen Lactococcus garvieae, highlighting their antimicrobial potential. We used an LC-MS/MS-based computational untargeted metabolomics and cutting-edge cheminformatics tools as well as manual dereplication strategies to chemically profile 26 most active extracts, and annotated compound classes such as bile acids, diketopiperazines, indole alkaloids and lipids. Many peak ions remained unannotated, suggesting the presence of new bioactive molecular families. These findings highlight the bioprospecting potential of cultivable bacteria associated with mesopelagic fauna.
与鱼类相关的微生物群越来越被认为是药物应用中有价值的生物活性代谢物来源。中层带是一个深邃而独特的生态系统，拥有多样的生物群落，是研究最少的海洋环境之一。本研究探索了主要与中层带鱼类相关的可培养微生物群在制药和农业应用方面的潜力。我们从北大西洋中层带采集的鱼类的各个器官中分离并鉴定了643株可培养细菌，另外还采集了水母、鱿鱼和磷虾的样本。细菌群落以革兰氏阴性菌门假单胞菌门为主，特别是嗜冷杆菌属、假交替单胞菌属和弧菌属。总共挑选了394株细菌分离株并在两种生长培养基中培养。对微生物提取物（590份）针对人类和鱼类病原体的抗癌和抗菌活性进行了评估。超过60%的提取物对两种ESKAPE病原体耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和粪肠球菌以及鱼类病原体加氏乳球菌具有活性，突出了它们的抗菌潜力。我们使用基于液相色谱-串联质谱的计算非靶向代谢组学、前沿的化学信息学工具以及手动去重复策略对26种最具活性的提取物进行化学分析，并注释了胆汁酸、二酮哌嗪、吲哚生物碱和脂质等化合物类别。许多峰离子仍未注释，表明存在新的生物活性分子家族。这些发现突出了与中层带动物群相关的可培养细菌的生物勘探潜力。
