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印度昌迪加尔一个工业集群室内环境中黑碳和颗粒物带来的预期健康风险。

Expected health risk out of black carbon and particulate matter in the indoor environment of an industrial cluster of chandigarh in India.

作者信息

Dhada Indramani, Waziri Sadiq Abdullahi, Singha Sudhakar, Padhi Bijaya Kumar, Samal Shailesh Kumar

机构信息

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab, 140001, Rupnagar, India.

Department of Civil Engineering, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Hyderabad, 502329, Telangana, India.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23177. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01606-x.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-01606-x
PMID:40603898
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12222698/
Abstract

The global increase in industrialization and its attendant exponential air pollution has posed a significant hazard to the indoor pollution levels of cities and the associated health risks. This study evaluated the health effects of air pollutants discovered inside the bottling industries in Chandigarh cluster in India. PM PM, PM, and black carbon concentrations in the post-monsoon season were monitored, and associated health implications and lung disease were estimated. A positive correlation is established between PM in indoor and outdoor environments. Maximum concentrations for PM, PM, and PM were recorded as 276.8 µg/m, 97.7 µg/m and 66.5 µg/m (for indoor) respectively, which are approximately 15 and 6 times higher than their (PM and PM) allowable concentrations set by World Health Organization, posing a health threat to the workers and staff of the industries. The lifetime carcinogenic risk of black carbon and the non-carcinogenic risk of particulate matter and black carbon have been assessed using a deterministic and probabilistic model, which shows the marginal difference. The estimated lifetime carcinogenic risk due to black carbon for males and females was observed in the range of 7.20E-05 to 6.17E-05. The spirometry analysis indicates that about 13.04% of the sample population (out of 184 samples) have healthy lungs.

摘要

全球工业化的增长及其随之而来的指数级空气污染，对城市室内污染水平及相关健康风险构成了重大危害。本研究评估了印度昌迪加尔集群瓶装行业内发现的空气污染物对健康的影响。对季风后季节的细颗粒物（PM）、可吸入颗粒物（PM）、粗颗粒物（PM）和黑碳浓度进行了监测，并估算了相关的健康影响和肺部疾病。室内和室外环境中的PM之间建立了正相关关系。室内PM、PM和PM的最高浓度分别记录为276.8微克/立方米、97.7微克/立方米和66.5微克/立方米，分别约为世界卫生组织规定的（PM和PM）允许浓度的15倍和6倍，对该行业的工人和员工构成了健康威胁。使用确定性和概率模型评估了黑碳的终生致癌风险以及颗粒物和黑碳的非致癌风险，结果显示出边际差异。观察到男性和女性因黑碳导致的估计终生致癌风险在7.20E-05至6.17E-05范围内。肺活量测定分析表明，样本人群（184个样本中）约13.04%的人肺部健康。

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